博客列表 >web基础第四课:详解css中的定位和伪选择器---2019.3.14

web基础第四课:详解css中的定位和伪选择器---2019.3.14

斜杠菜鸟的博客
斜杠菜鸟的博客原创
2019年03月20日 14:45:41787浏览

前言:这是第四课,主要讲了css中的定位和伪选择器。

  • 种一棵树最好的时间是十年前,其次就是现在!开始吧!

一、css中的定位(Position)属性允许你对元素进行定位:(fixed/relative/absolute)

  • fixed 元素的位置相对于浏览器窗口是固定位置;

  • relative 相对定位元素的定位是相对其正常位置,相对定位元素经常被用来作为绝对定位元素的容器块(子绝父相)相对定位如果不设置属性,没有效果。

  • absolute 绝对定位的元素的位置相对于最近的已定位父元素,如果元素没有已定位的父元素,那么它的位置相对于出始包含块 (特点:绝对定位使元素的位置与文档流无关,因此不占据空间)

  • z-index 属性设置元素的堆叠顺序 注意:Z-index 仅能在定位元素上奏效


  • 实例

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
    	<meta charset="utf-8">
    	<title>定位</title>
    	<style type="text/css">
        *{margin: 0;padding: 0;}
        .fix{
        	width: 30px;
        	height: 900px;
        	background: red;
        	position: fixed;top: 30px;right: 10px; /*fixed 固定定位*/
        }
        .rel{
        	width: 300px;
        	height: 300px;
        	background: red;
        	position: relative;top:30px;left: 30px; /*relative 相对定位*/
        }
        .a{
        	width: 400px;
        	height: 400px;
        	background: blue;
        	position: absolute;/*left: 400px;*/
        	z-index: -1;
        }
    
    </style>
    </head>
    <body>
         <div class="fix">
    
         </div>
         <div style="height: 1500px;">
             <div class="rel">
             	<div class="a"></div>
    
             </div>
    
    
         </div>
               
    </body>
    </html>

    运行实例 »

    点击 "运行实例" 按钮查看在线实例

    总结:以上代码演示了固定定位、相对定位及绝对定位;



二、伪选择器:hover 语法:

a:hover{

    font-weight: bold;/*字体加粗*/

    color: red;

    text-decoration: underline; /*给元素加上下划线*/

  }

实例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
	<meta charset="utf-8">
	<title>伪选择器</title>
	<style type="text/css">
    *{margin: 0;padding: 0;}
    a{
        color: #000;
        text-decoration: none;
    }
    a:hover{
            font-weight: bold; /*字体加粗*/
            color: blue;
            text-decoration: underline; /*给字体加下划线*/
    }
    /*ul{margin-left: 30px;}*/
    ul li{
          list-style: none;
          float: left;
          width: 100px;
          border: 2px solid red;
          line-height: 50px;
          text-align: center;

    }
    ul .MU:hover{
                background: blue;
                color: red;
                position: relative;
    }
    ul .menu{
        position: absolute;left:0;
        width: 100px;
        /*height: 100px;*/
        display: none;
    }
    ul li:hover .menu{
        display: block;

    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
    <div>
        <a href="">你好,世界!</a>
         <ul>
            <li class="MU">1
                <ul class="menu">
                    <li>1</li>
                    <li>2</li>
                    <li>3</li>
                    <li>4</li>
                </ul>
            </li>




         </ul>
    </div>
 
</body>
</html>

运行实例 »

点击 "运行实例" 按钮查看在线实例

总结:以上代码为伪选择器的使用;


三、仿优酷顶部布局

实例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
	<meta charset="utf-8">
	<title>优酷布局实战</title>
	<link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="static/images/1.ico">
	<!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="static/css/style.css"> -->
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="static/font-awesome-4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css">
	<style type="text/css">
      *{margin: 0;padding: 0;}
li{list-style: none; float: left;}
a{color: #000;text-decoration: none;}
.clear{clear: both;}
.contents{
	      width: 1740px;
	      margin: 0 auto;
	      /*border: 2px solid red;*/
}
.content{
	      width: 100%;
	      margin-top: 15px;
}
.hot_tv img{
	      width: 240px;
	      height: 360px;
}
.contentUL{line-height: 70px;}
.mr{
	margin-right: 10px;
}
.l{float: left;}
.tab li{margin-left: 25px;}
.tv_tab img{
            width: 240px;
            height: 135px;
}
.big_show img{
             width: 490px;
             height: 335px;
}
.tv_tab{width: 1240px;}
.tv_tab li{margin:0 4px 19px;}
small{font-size: 12px;color: #999;}
span{font-size: 14px;color: #333;}
.header{
       position: relative;
       width: 100%;
       height: 520px;
       background: #e8e8e8;

}
.pic_show{
          margin: 0 auto;
          width: 1740px;
          height: 520px;
          background: url(static/images/bg.jpg) no-repeat;
}
.bg{background: rgba(0,0,0,0.3);width: 100%;height: 100%;position: absolute;top: 0;left: 0;z-index: 99;}
.menu_ul{
	   position: fixed;top: 20px;z-index: 100;
}
.menu_ul form{
	          width: 500px;height: 40px;position: relative;left: 500px;
}
.menu_ul input{
              width: 500px;
              height: 40px;
              border-radius: 100px;
              border: none;
              background: rgba(234,234,234,0.5);
}
.menu_ul button{
	           width: 90px;
	           height: 40px;
	           border-top-right-radius:30px;
	           border-bottom-right-radius: 30px;
	           border: none;
	           color: #fff;
	           background: #B30702;
	           position: absolute;top: 0;right: 0;

}
.menu_li{float: right;}
</style>

</head>
<body>
    <div class="header">
       <div class="pic_show">
       <div class="bg"></div>
       <div class="contents menu_ul">
           <img src="static/images/logo.png" class="l">
           <form action="" method="" class="l">
           	   <input type="" name="">
           	   <button>全网搜</button>
           </form>
             <ul class="menu_li">
                <li><i class="fa fa-diamond"></i></li>
             </ul>

       </div>

       </div>

    </div>
     <div class="contents">
         <div class="content">
             <div class="contentUL">
                <h2>正在热播</h2>
             </div>
             <ul class="hot_tv">
                 <li class="mr">
                 	<a href="http://youku.com/">
                    <img src="static/images/a.jpg"><br>
                    <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                 	</a><br>
                    <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                 </li>
                 <li class="mr">
                 	<a href="http://youku.com/">
                    <img src="static/images/b.jpg"><br>
                    <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                 	</a><br>
                    <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                 </li>
                 <li class="mr">
                 	<a href="http://youku.com/">
                    <img src="static/images/c.jpg"><br>
                    <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                 	</a><br>
                    <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                 </li>
                 <li class="mr">
                 	<a href="http://youku.com/">
                    <img src="static/images/d.jpg"><br>
                    <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                 	</a><br>
                    <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                 </li>
                 <li class="mr">
                 	<a href="http://youku.com/">
                    <img src="static/images/e.jpg"><br>
                    <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                 	</a><br>
                    <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                 </li>
                 <li class="mr">
                 	<a href="http://youku.com/">
                    <img src="static/images/f.jpg"><br>
                    <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                 	</a><br>
                    <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                 </li>
                 <li>
                 	<a href="http://youku.com/">
                    <img src="static/images/g.jpg"><br>
                    <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                 	</a><br>
                    <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                 </li>
             </ul>
             <div class="clear"></div>
         </div>
         <div class="content">
         	<div class="contentUL">
         	    <h2 class="l">剧集 ></h2>
                <ul class="tab l">
                    <li><a href="">最新</a></li>
                    <li><a href="">大陆</a></li>
                    <li><a href="">美剧</a></li>
                    <li><a href="">日剧</a></li>
                    <li><a href="">韩剧</a></li>
                </ul>
                <div class="clear"></div>
         	</div>
            <div class="tv_show">
                <div class="big_show l mr">
                   <a href="">
                      <img src="static/images/tv.jpg"><br>
                      <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                   </a><br>
                   <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                </div>
                   <ul class="tv_tab l">
                      <li>
                         <a href="">
                         <img src="static/images/tv1.jpg"><br>
                         <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                         </a><br>
                         <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                      </li>
                      <li>
                         <a href="">
                         <img src="static/images/tv1.jpg"><br>
                         <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                         </a><br>
                         <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                      </li>
                      <li>
                         <a href="">
                         <img src="static/images/tv1.jpg"><br>
                         <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                         </a><br>
                         <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                      </li>
                      <li>
                         <a href="">
                         <img src="static/images/tv1.jpg"><br>
                         <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                         </a><br>
                         <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                      </li>
                      <li>
                         <a href="">
                         <img src="static/images/tv1.jpg"><br>
                         <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                         </a><br>
                         <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                      </li>
                      </li>
                         <li>
                         <a href="">
                         <img src="static/images/tv1.jpg"><br>
                         <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                         </a><br>
                         <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                      </li>
                      </li>
                         <li>
                         <a href="">
                         <img src="static/images/tv1.jpg"><br>
                         <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                         </a><br>
                         <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                      </li>
                      </li>
                         <li>
                         <a href="">
                         <img src="static/images/tv1.jpg"><br>
                         <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                         </a><br>
                         <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                      </li>
                      </li>
                         <li>
                         <a href="">
                         <img src="static/images/tv1.jpg"><br>
                         <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                         </a><br>
                         <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                      </li>
                      </li>
                         <li>
                         <a href="">
                         <img src="static/images/tv1.jpg"><br>
                         <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                         </a><br>
                         <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                      </li>

                   </ul>
            </div>
         </div>    
         <!-- 剧集   -->
         <div class="content">
            <div class="contentUL">
                <h2 class="l">剧集 ></h2>
                <ul class="tab l">
                    <li><a href="">最新</a></li>
                    <li><a href="">大陆</a></li>
                    <li><a href="">美剧</a></li>
                    <li><a href="">日剧</a></li>
                    <li><a href="">韩剧</a></li>
                </ul>
                <div class="clear"></div>
            </div>
            <div class="tv_show">
                <div class="big_show l mr">
                   <a href="">
                      <img src="static/images/tv.jpg"><br>
                      <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                   </a><br>
                   <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                </div>
                   <ul class="tv_tab l">
                      <li>
                         <a href="">
                         <img src="static/images/tv1.jpg"><br>
                         <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                         </a><br>
                         <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                      </li>
                      <li>
                         <a href="">
                         <img src="static/images/tv1.jpg"><br>
                         <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                         </a><br>
                         <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                      </li>
                      <li>
                         <a href="">
                         <img src="static/images/tv1.jpg"><br>
                         <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                         </a><br>
                         <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                      </li>
                      <li>
                         <a href="">
                         <img src="static/images/tv1.jpg"><br>
                         <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                         </a><br>
                         <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                      </li>
                      <li>
                         <a href="">
                         <img src="static/images/tv1.jpg"><br>
                         <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                         </a><br>
                         <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                      </li>
                      </li>
                         <li>
                         <a href="">
                         <img src="static/images/tv1.jpg"><br>
                         <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                         </a><br>
                         <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                      </li>
                      </li>
                         <li>
                         <a href="">
                         <img src="static/images/tv1.jpg"><br>
                         <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                         </a><br>
                         <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                      </li>
                      </li>
                         <li>
                         <a href="">
                         <img src="static/images/tv1.jpg"><br>
                         <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                         </a><br>
                         <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                      </li>
                      </li>
                         <li>
                         <a href="">
                         <img src="static/images/tv1.jpg"><br>
                         <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                         </a><br>
                         <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                      </li>
                      </li>
                         <li>
                         <a href="">
                         <img src="static/images/tv1.jpg"><br>
                         <span>瞰中国:宁夏</span>
                         </a><br>
                         <small>低调的宁夏 美了四季</small>
                      </li>

                   </ul>
            </div>
         </div>   
     </div>

</body>
</html>

运行实例 »

点击 "运行实例" 按钮查看在线实例



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