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AngularJS: API: ng/directive/select

select

  1. - directive in module ng

带有angular数据绑定功能的HTML SELECT 元素。

ngOptions

ngOptions 属性可用于动态生成<option>元素列表,当对<select>元素使用数组,或者是 ngOptions可解析的表达式计算得到的对象。

<select>菜单中的一项被选中时,数组元素或对象属性作为被选中的选项绑定到模型的 ngModel指令。

注意: ngModel通过引用比较,而非值比较。这在使用对象数组 绑定时很重要。参见示例in this jsfiddle.

此外,设置为空字符串值的单个硬编码的<option>元素可以嵌套到 <select>元素中。这个元素将表现为null或 "not selected"选项。参见下面的示例演示。

注意: ngOptions<option>提供了一个迭代器工厂用于替代 ngRepeat,在你想让 select模型绑定到非字符串值时。这是因为一个选项元素只能被绑定到一个字符串值上。

指令信息

  • 这个指令执行优先级为0.

用法

  • 作为元素使用:
    <select
      ng-model=""
      [name=""]
      [required=""]
      [ng-required=""]
      [ng-options=""]>
    ...
    </select>

参数

参数 类型 详述
ngModel string

声明用于数据绑定的Angular表达式。

name
(可选)
string

发布到表单下的控件的属性名称。

required
(可选)
string

控件只有输入值才被认为有效。

ngRequired
(可选)
string

当ngRequired表达式等于true时,添加required属性和required验证约束到元素上。 使用ngRequired替换required,当你想数据绑定到required属性上时。

ngOptions
(可选)
comprehension_expression

下列形式之一:

  • 当数据源为数组:
    • label for value in array
    • select as label for value in array
    • label group by group for value in array
    • select as label group by group for value in array track by trackexpr
  • 当数据源为对象:
    • label for (key , value) in Object
    • select as label for (key , value) in Object
    • label group by group for (key, value) in Object
    • select as label group by group for (key, value) in Object

这里:

  • array / Object:用于进行迭代的结果为一个数组或对象的表达式。
  • value: 局部变量,迭代期间指向array中的每个条目,或Object的每个属性值。
  • key: 局部变量,迭代期间指向Object的属性名称。
  • label: 这个表达式的结果作为<option>元素的标签。表达式通常指向value 变量 (如 value.propertyName)。
  • select:这个表达式的结果会绑定到父<select>元素的模型上。如果未指定,select表达式默认为value
  • group: 这个表达式的结果会被用于使用<optgroup> DOM 元素分组选项。
  • trackexpr: 应用于对象数组。表达式的结果被用唯一标识数组中的对象。 trackexpr通常指向value变量(如value.propertyName)。

示例

index.html
<script>
angular.module('selectExample', [])
  .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', Function($scope) {
    $scope.colors = [
      {name:'black', shade:'dark'},
      {name:'white', shade:'light'},
      {name:'red', shade:'dark'},
      {name:'blue', shade:'dark'},
      {name:'yellow', shade:'light'}
    ];
    $scope.myColor = $scope.colors[2]; // red
  }]);
</script>
<div ng-controller="ExampleController">
  <ul>
    <li ng-repeat="color in colors">
      Name: <input ng-model="color.name">
      [<a href ng-click="colors.splice($index, 1)">X</a>]
    </li>
    <li>
      [<a href ng-click="colors.push({})">add</a>]
    </li>
  </ul>
  <hr/>
  Color (null not allowed):
  <select ng-model="myColor" ng-options="color.name for color in colors"></select><br>

  Color (null allowed):
  <span  class="nullable">
    <select ng-model="myColor" ng-options="color.name for color in colors">
      <option value="">-- choose color --</option>
    </select>
  </span><br/>

  Color grouped by shade:
  <select ng-model="myColor" ng-options="color.name group by color.shade for color in colors">
  </select><br/>


  Select <a href ng-click="myColor = { name:'not in list', shade: 'other' }">bogus</a>.<br>
  <hr/>
  Currently selected: {{ {selected_color:myColor}  }}
  <div style="border:solid 1px black; height:20px"
       ng-style="{'background-color':myColor.name}">
  </div>
</div>
protractor.js
it('should check ng-options', Function() {
  expect(element(by.binding('{selected_color:myColor}')).getText()).toMatch('red');
  element.all(by.model('myColor')).first().click();
  element.all(by.css('select[ng-model="myColor"] option')).first().click();
  expect(element(by.binding('{selected_color:myColor}')).getText()).toMatch('black');
  element(by.css('.nullable select[ng-model="myColor"]')).click();
  element.all(by.css('.nullable select[ng-model="myColor"] option')).first().click();
  expect(element(by.binding('{selected_color:myColor}')).getText()).toMatch('null');});
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