Git 教程

在 wchar_support 分支中执行更改

Jerry 正在开发 wchar_support 分支。 他更改了函数的名称，并在测试后提交了更改。

[jerry@CentOS src]$ git branch
 master
* wchar_support
[jerry@CentOS src]$ git diff

上述命令产生以下结果 −

diff --git a/src/string_operations.c b/src/string_operations.c
index 8fb4b00..01ff4e0 100644
--- a/src/string_operations.c
+++ b/src/string_operations.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
#include <stdio.h>
#include <wchar.h>
-size_t w_strlen(const wchar_t *s)
+size_t my_wstrlen(const wchar_t *s)
{
   const wchar_t *p = s;

在验证代码后，他提交了他的更改。

[jerry@CentOS src]$ git status -s
M string_operations.c

[jerry@CentOS src]$ git add string_operations.c

[jerry@CentOS src]$ git commit -m 'Changed function name'
[wchar_support 3789fe8] Changed function name
1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)

[jerry@CentOS src]$ git push origin wchar_support

上面的命令会产生下面的结果 −

Counting objects: 7, done.
Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done.
Writing objects: 100% (4/4), 409 bytes, done.
Total 4 (delta 1), reused 0 (delta 0)
To gituser@git.server.com:project.git
64192f9..3789fe8 wchar_support -> wchar_support

在主分支中执行更改

同时在 master 分支中，Tom 也更改了同一个函数的名称并将他的更改推送到 master 分支。

[tom@CentOS src]$ git branch
* master
[tom@CentOS src]$ git diff

上述命令产生以下结果 −

diff --git a/src/string_operations.c b/src/string_operations.c
index 8fb4b00..52bec84 100644
--- a/src/string_operations.c
+++ b/src/string_operations.c
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
#include <stdio.h>
#include <wchar.h>
-size_t w_strlen(const wchar_t *s)
+/* wide character strlen fucntion */
+size_t my_wc_strlen(const wchar_t *s)
{
   const wchar_t *p = s;

验证差异后，他提交更改。

[tom@CentOS src]$ git status -s
M string_operations.c

[tom@CentOS src]$ git add string_operations.c

[tom@CentOS src]$ git commit -m 'Changed function name from w_strlen to my_wc_strlen'
[master ad4b530] Changed function name from w_strlen to my_wc_strlen
1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)

[tom@CentOS src]$ git push origin master

上面的命令会产生下面的结果 −

Counting objects: 7, done.
Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done.
Writing objects: 100% (4/4), 470 bytes, done.
Total 4 (delta 1), reused 0 (delta 0)
To gituser@git.server.com:project.git
64192f9..ad4b530 master -> master

在wchar_support 分支上，Jerry 为宽字符串实现了strchr 函数。 测试后，他提交更改并将其推送到 wchar_support 分支。

[jerry@CentOS src]$ git branch
master
* wchar_support
[jerry@CentOS src]$ git diff

上述命令产生以下结果 −

diff --git a/src/string_operations.c b/src/string_operations.c
index 01ff4e0..163a779 100644
--- a/src/string_operations.c
+++ b/src/string_operations.c
@@ -1,6 +1,16 @@
#include <stdio.h>
#include <wchar.h>
+wchar_t *my_wstrchr(wchar_t *ws, wchar_t wc)
+
{
   +
   while (*ws) 
   {
      +
      if (*ws == wc)
      +
      return ws;
      +
      ++ws;
      + 
   }
   + return NULL;
   +
}
+
size_t my_wstrlen(const wchar_t *s)
{
   const wchar_t *p = s;

验证后，他提交更改。

[jerry@CentOS src]$ git status -s
M string_operations.c

[jerry@CentOS src]$ git add string_operations.c

[jerry@CentOS src]$ git commit -m 'Addded strchr function for wide character string'
[wchar_support 9d201a9] Addded strchr function for wide character string
1 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)

[jerry@CentOS src]$ git push origin wchar_support

上面的命令会产生下面的结果 −

Counting objects: 7, done.
Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done.
Writing objects: 100% (4/4), 516 bytes, done.
Total 4 (delta 1), reused 0 (delta 0)
To gituser@git.server.com:project.git
3789fe8..9d201a9 wchar_support -> wchar_support

处理冲突

Tom 想看看 Jerry 在他的私有分支上做了什么，所以他尝试从 wchar_support 分支中提取最新的更改，但 Git 中止操作并显示以下错误消息。

[tom@CentOS src]$ git pull origin wchar_support

上述命令产生以下结果 −

remote: Counting objects: 11, done.
63Git Tutorials
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (8/8), done.
remote: Total 8 (delta 2), reused 0 (delta 0)
Unpacking objects: 100% (8/8), done.
From git.server.com:project
* branch
wchar_support -> FETCH_HEAD
Auto-merging src/string_operations.c
CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in src/string_operations.c
Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.

解决冲突

从错误信息中可以看出 src/string_operations.c 中存在冲突。 他运行 git diff 命令以查看更多详细信息。

[tom@CentOS src]$ git diff

上述命令产生以下结果 −

diff --cc src/string_operations.c
index 52bec84,163a779..0000000
--- a/src/string_operations.c
+++ b/src/string_operations.c
@@@ -1,8 -1,17 +1,22 @@@
#include <stdio.h>
#include <wchar.h>
++<<<<<<< HEAD
+/* wide character strlen fucntion */
+size_t my_wc_strlen(const wchar_t *s)
++=======
+ wchar_t *my_wstrchr(wchar_t *ws, wchar_t wc)
+
{
   +
   +
   while (*ws) 
   {
      if (*ws == wc)
      +
      return ws;
      +
      ++ws;
      + 
   }
   + return NULL;
   +
}
+
+ size_t my_wstrlen(const wchar_t *s)
++>>>>>>>9d201a9c61bc4713f4095175f8954b642dae8f86
{
   const wchar_t *p = s;

由于 Tom 和 Jerry 都更改了同一个函数的名称，Git 处于混乱状态，它要求用户手动解决冲突。

Tom 决定保留 Jerry 建议的函数名称，但他保留了他添加的注释，保持原样。 删除冲突标记后，git diff 将如下所示。

[tom@CentOS src]$ git diff

The above command produces the following result.

diff --cc src/string_operations.c
diff --cc src/string_operations.c
index 52bec84,163a779..0000000
--- a/src/string_operations.c
+++ b/src/string_operations.c
@@@ -1,8 -1,17 +1,18 @@@
#include <stdio.h>
#include <wchar.h>
+ wchar_t *my_wstrchr(wchar_t *ws, wchar_t wc)
+
{
   +
   while (*ws) 
   {
      +
      if (*ws == wc)
      +
      return ws;
      +
      ++ws;
      + 
   }
   + return NULL;
   +
}
+
+/* wide character strlen fucntion */
- size_t my_wc_strlen(const wchar_t *s)
+ size_t my_wstrlen(const wchar_t *s)
{
   const wchar_t *p = s;

由于 Tom 修改了文件，他必须先提交这些更改，然后才能拉取更改。

[tom@CentOS src]$ git commit -a -m 'Resolved conflict'
[master 6b1ac36] Resolved conflict

[tom@CentOS src]$ git pull origin wchar_support.

Tom 已经解决了冲突，现在 pull 操作会成功。