Shortcut to golang function debugging and analysis

This article introduces shortcuts for Go function debugging and analysis, including: built-in debugger dlv, which is used to pause execution, inspect variables, and set breakpoints. Logging, use the log package to log messages and view them while debugging. Performance analysis tool pprof, generate call graph and analyze performance, use go tool pprof to analyze data. Practical case: Use pprof to analyze memory leaks and generate a call graph to display the functions that cause leaks.

Shortcuts to Go function debugging and analysis

Go’s debugging and analysis tools are very powerful and can help developers quickly identify and analyze Solve the problem. This article will introduce some convenient methods for Go function debugging and analysis, and provide practical cases.

1. Built-in debugger

Go has a built-in interactive debugger that can be started through the dlv command. It allows developers to pause program execution, inspect variable values, set breakpoints, and more. For detailed usage, please refer to [Official Documentation](https://go.dev/dlv).

2. Logging

Logging is an important tool for debugging and analysis. Go has a built-in log package that can be used to log messages. For example:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "log"
)

func main() {
    name := "John"
    age := 30

    log.Printf("Name: %s, Age: %d", name, age)
}

When debugging using dlv, you can view logged messages in the log file.

3. Performance Analysis

pprof is a Go tool for performance analysis. It can generate call graphs and analyze application performance bottlenecks. Usage:

import (
    "net/http/pprof"
    "runtime"
)

func main() {
    // 在特定端口启用 pprof。
    go func() {
        http.ListenAndServe(":6060", nil)
    }()

    // 运行应用程序。
    runtime.Run()
}

Then, you can use the go tool pprof command to analyze the performance data.

Practical case

Problem: A Go function has a memory leak when processing big data.

Solution:

Use pprof to analyze memory usage:

go tool pprof http://localhost:6060/debug/pprof/heap

pprof will generate A call graph showing the functions that caused the memory leak.

Tip:

• dlv The debugger also supports remote debugging, allowing developers to debug applications in containers or cloud environments.
• pprof Provides a variety of analysis tools, including CPU analysis and trace analysis.
• There are also many third-party debugging and analysis tools available for the Go language, such as [Badger](https://github.com/derekparker/badger) and [go-trace](https://github.com /uber/go-trace).

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