Tips on function rewriting: Master the secret of writing subclass-specific code

Function overriding enables subclasses to provide custom implementations for parent class functions without affecting parent class behavior. The subclass simply declares a new function with the same name and parameter list. For example, the area() function in the Shape class is overridden by the Rectangle class to provide customized area calculations for rectangles while still leveraging the abstract methods of the Shape class.

Tips for function rewriting: Release the exclusive advantages of subclass code

Function rewriting allows subclasses to operate without affecting the parent class If implemented, provide your own implementation for the function of the same name. Doing so allows the subclass to customize its behavior while still taking advantage of the parent class's functionality.

To override a function, a subclass simply declares a new function with the same name and parameter list. The implementation of the subclass will override the implementation of the parent class.

Code example:

class Shape:
    def area(self):
        raise NotImplementedError

class Rectangle(Shape):
    def __init__(self, length, width):
        self.length = length
        self.width = width

    def area(self):
        return self.length * self.width

# 创建矩形对象
rectangle = Rectangle(5, 10)

# 调用重写的 area() 函数
print(rectangle.area())  # 输出：50

Practical case:

Consider a Shape class that provides an abstract area() Function to calculate the area of ​​a shape. Now, we want to create the Rectangle class, which inherits from the Shape class and provides specific area calculations for Rectangle shapes.

By overriding the area() function, we can add a custom implementation for rectangles to the Rectangle class without modifying the implementation of the parent class Shape. This gives us the flexibility to provide shape-specific code for different types of shapes.

Tip:

• Make sure that the function signature of the subclass is exactly the same as that of the parent class, including name, parameters and return value type.
• Proceed with caution: Use caution when overriding parent class functions as it may break the expected behavior of the parent class.
• Take advantage of the code completion feature of your integrated development environment (IDE), which helps you easily rewrite functions and implement them in subclasses.

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