Common problems and solutions of golang functions in object-oriented programming

In Go's OOP, you will encounter the following common problems when using functions: Accessing private data encapsulated in a structure: using a pointer receiver. Restrict function parameter types: use type assertions or type conversions. Concurrency safety of functions: use mutex locks or read-write locks. Function currying: using anonymous functions.

Common problems and solutions of Go functions in object-oriented programming

In Go, functions are its object-oriented programming (OOP) system is an important part. However, there are some common problems encountered when using functions that need to be solved to achieve effective object-oriented design.

1. Private data access within a function

Question: How to access private data encapsulated in a structure within a function?

Solution: Use pointer receiver:

type MyClass struct {
    privateData int
}

func (myClass *MyClass) GetPrivateData() int {
    return myClass.privateData
}

2. Function parameter type restrictions

Question: How to restrict the type of function parameters to a specific interface or structure type?

Solution: Use type assertion or type conversion:

func PrintInterface(i interface{}) {
    switch v := i.(type) {
    case string:
        fmt.Println("String:", v)
    case int:
        fmt.Println("Integer:", v)
    }
}

3. Concurrency safety of functions

Question: How to ensure that the function is in a concurrent environment in safety?

Solution: Use mutex lock or read-write lock:

var mu sync.Mutex

func ConcurrentSafeFunction() {
    mu.Lock()
    // 临界区代码
    mu.Unlock()
}

4. Function currying

Problem: How to change the parameters of the function List divided into multiple parts?

Solution: Use anonymous functions:

adjustSalary := func(baseSalary float64) func(bonus float64) float64 {
    return func(bonus float64) float64 {
        return baseSalary + bonus
    }
}

Practical case

Suppose we have a Customer structure that contains private Data name and age. We want to write a function GetCustomerDetails that returns the customer's name and age.

type Customer struct {
    name string
    age  int
}

func (customer *Customer) GetCustomerDetails() (string, int) {
    return customer.name, customer.age
}

In this example, we use pointer receivers to access private data and can safely use them inside functions.

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