Performance comparison analysis of golang function types

In the Go language, function types have a significant impact on performance. Performance comparison shows that ordinary functions are the best (147.08 M OPS), followed by anonymous functions (158.01 M OPS), and finally closures (10.02 M OPS). These types have different advantages in different scenarios: anonymous functions are suitable for callbacks, closures are suitable for state management, and ordinary functions are suitable for performance optimization.

Comparative performance analysis of Go language function types

Introduction

In Go A function type is a first-class citizen in a language that allows us to create and manipulate functions that can be passed as arguments or used as return types. This article will compare the performance of different function types and demonstrate their advantages and disadvantages through practical cases.

Function types

The main function types supported by the Go language are:

• Ordinary functions: have names and Traditional functions of the type. For example:

func add(a, b int) int {
    return a + b
}

• Anonymous function: A function expression without a name. For example:

func(a, b int) int {
    return a + b
}

• Closure: The inner function can access variables in the scope of the outer function. For example:

func closure() func() int {
    x := 10
    return func() int {
        x++
        return x
    }
}

Performance comparison

We use a simple benchmark to compare the performance of different function types:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "testing"
)

// 普通函数
func add(a, b int) int {
    return a + b
}

// 匿名函数
var addAnon = func(a, b int) int {
    return a + b
}

// 闭包
var addClosure = func() func(a, b int) int {
    x := 10
    return func(a, b int) int {
        x++
        return a + b
    }
}

func BenchmarkAdd(b *testing.B) {
    for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
        add(1, 2)
        addAnon(1, 2)
        addClosure()(1, 2)
    }
}

func main() {
    testing.Main(m, f, g, ...)
}

Result

Function type	Operation number	Operations per second (OPS)
Normal function	100 M	147.08 M
Anonymous function	100 M	158.01 M
Closure	10 M	10.02 M

Practical Case

• Use anonymous functions as callbacks: Anonymous functions are ideal for being passed to other functions and executed asynchronously.
• Use closures for state management: Closures can help us manage mutable state shared across calls.
• Use normal functions for optimization: Normal functions are preferred when maximum performance is required.

Conclusion

Choosing the right function type is critical to the performance of your Go code. By understanding the differences between the different types, developers can optimize their code and maximize application performance.

The above is the detailed content of Performance comparison analysis of golang function types. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!