How to organize the test code of golang function?

Best practices for organizing GoLang test code: File structure: The test code for each package should be placed in a separate file ending with the _test.go suffix. Test function naming: Use func Test_() to name the test function and describe the content of its test. Test tables: Use test tables to organize situations involving multiple input/output values. Benchmarking: Use the benchmarking feature to evaluate the performance of your function. Mocking: Mocking functional dependencies using a mocking framework.

How to organize the test code of GoLang functions

Preface

In Go Writing test code is crucial to making sure your functions work as expected. Well-organized test code makes it easier to maintain and extend your code base. In this article, we'll explore best practices for organizing your code for testing GoLang functions.

1. File structure

For each package to be tested, it is recommended to create a separate test file, which starts with _test.go suffix ending. This means that your test files will be in the same directory as the other source files in the package.

2. Test function naming

Each test function should have a clear and concise name that describes what it is testing. Typically the following convention is used:

func Test<FunctionName>_<TestType>() 

For example, for the Add function, you can use the following test function name:

func TestAdd_Basic() 
func TestAdd_EdgeCases() 

3. Test table

Test tables are a convenient way to organize test cases for situations involving multiple input or output values. You can create a structure or type to represent each row in the test table.

4. Benchmarking

If you need to evaluate the performance of a function, you can use the benchmarking function in the Go language. Benchmarks measure how long a function takes to run.

5. Mocking

In some cases, you may need to mock a function's dependencies to test its behavior. The standard library provides a variety of mock libraries, such as testify/mock.

Practical case: Testing a simple calculation function

Let us consider a simple calculation functionSum, which accepts two integers and returns their sum. Let us write a test file to test this function:

package main

import "testing"

func Sum(a, b int) int {
  return a + b
}

func TestSum_Basic(t *testing.T) {
  tests := []struct {
    a, b, expected int
  }{
    {1, 2, 3},
    {0, 0, 0},
    {5, -2, 3},
  }

  for _, tt := range tests {
    actual := Sum(tt.a, tt.b)
    if actual != tt.expected {
      t.Errorf("Sum(%d, %d) = %d, expected %d", tt.a, tt.b, actual, tt.expected)
    }
  }
}

In this test file, we have used a test table to represent different test cases. We also use the Errorf method to report any failed tests.

The above is the detailed content of How to organize the test code of golang function?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!