Implementation of golang functions and goroutine in different concurrency libraries

In the Go language, functions and Goroutines implement concurrent programming. Go functions can be executed concurrently through the go keyword, and Goroutines are lightweight threads that achieve concurrency by allocating a new stack and executing a given function. In practical cases, mutex locks (sync package) are used to prevent data competition, while Context (context package) is used to control the cancellation and expiration of concurrent functions.

Implementation of Go functions and Goroutine in different concurrency libraries

Go provides a variety of concurrency primitives to enable developers to Concurrent programs can be written easily. In this article, we will explore two of the most commonly used concurrency libraries:

• #sync package: Contains basic synchronization types such as mutexes (Mutex) and condition variables ( Cond).
• context Package : Used to manage expiration and cancellation of requests or operations.

Function

Go functions can be executed in parallel, thus achieving concurrency. Concurrent functions can be created using the following syntax:

go func() {
    // 并发执行的代码
}

Goroutine

Goroutines are Go lightweight threads that can be executed concurrently. When a Goroutine is created, it will be allocated a new stack and start executing the given function. Goroutine can be created using the following syntax:

go func() {
    // 并发执行的代码
}()

Practical case: Mutex lock

Mutex lock is used to coordinate access to shared resources and prevent data competition. The sync package provides the Mutex type, which we can use to protect shared variables.

import (
    "sync"
    "fmt"
)

var (
    count int
    mu sync.Mutex
)

func increment() {
    mu.Lock()
    count++
    mu.Unlock()
}

func main() {
    for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ {
        go increment()
    }
    fmt.Println(count) // 输出: 1000
}

Practical case: Context

Context is used to pass the cancellation status of the request or operation. The context package provides Context and CancelFunc types, which we can use to control concurrent functions.

import (
    "context"
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    // 创建一个 Context，并在 1 秒后取消
    ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second)
    defer cancel()

    go func() {
        // 在 Context 被取消之前，不断打印
        for {
            select {
            case <-ctx.Done():
                fmt.Println("Context cancelled")
                break
            default:
                fmt.Println("Still running...")
                time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
            }
        }
    }()

    // 等待 Goroutine 完成或 Context 被取消
    <-ctx.Done()
}

In different concurrency libraries, the implementation of functions and Goroutines may be slightly different, but their core concepts remain the same. Synchronization types are used to coordinate access to shared resources, while Context is used to manage the cancellation and expiration of concurrent functions.

The above is the detailed content of Implementation of golang functions and goroutine in different concurrency libraries. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!