What is the performance impact of C++ function error handling and exception handling?

In C, the two methods of handling errors, function error handling and exception handling, differ in performance. Functional error handling is more efficient because it does not require creating and throwing exceptions and allows local handling of errors. Exception handling is more robust, but comes with additional performance overhead.

Performance impact of function error handling and exception handling in C

There are two main ways to handle errors and unexpected situations in C: Function error handling and Exception handling. Both methods have advantages and disadvantages in terms of performance.

Function error handling

Function error handling involves using the errno variable to indicate the error and return an error code. This approach is relatively simple and efficient because there is no need to create and throw exceptions. However, it also requires developers to manually check for errors and take appropriate action.

Exception handling

Exception handling involves using try-catch blocks to catch and handle errors. This approach is more robust because it forces developers to handle errors, but it is also more performance-intensive than functional error handling.

Performance impact

Generally speaking, Function error handling is more efficient than Exception handling. This is because:

• Function error handling does not require creating and throwing exceptions, which requires some processing time.
• Function error handling allows developers to handle errors locally within a specific function without propagating exceptions throughout the call chain.

Practical case

Consider the following C code example:

#include <iostream>

int main() {
  int x, y;

  // 函数错误处理
  if (scanf("%d %d", &x, &y) != 2) {
    std::cout << "输入格式不正确\n";
    return -1;
  }

  // 异常处理
  try {
    if (y == 0) {
      throw std::runtime_error("除数不能为零");
    }
    int result = x / y;
    std::cout << "结果: " << result << "\n";
  } catch (std::exception& e) {
    std::cout << "错误: " << e.what() << "\n";
  }

  return 0;
}

In this example, Function error handling Used to check whether the format of user input is correct, and Exception handling is used to handle division by zero errors.

Conclusion

When choosing how to handle errors in C, performance considerations often cannot be ignored. Function error handling is generally more efficient than exception handling, but exception handling is more robust. Developers should weigh the pros and cons of both approaches and choose the most appropriate method based on the situation.

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