What parts does a C++ function definition need to contain?

In C, a function definition contains a function header and a function body. The function header includes the return type, function name, and parameter list, while the function body contains the code statements to be executed. For example, a function that returns the square of a given number can be defined as: int square(int number){ return number * number;}.

The definition of a C function: from syntax to practice

In C, a function is a collection of blocks of code designed to execute specific tasks. In order to define a function, you need to follow the following steps:

1. Function header

The function header contains the following parts of the function:

• Return type: Specifies the type of value returned by the function. For void functions, you do not need to specify a return type.
• Function name: Give the function a meaningful name to describe its functionality.
• Parameter list (optional): Specify the parameters accepted by the function, each parameter should have a type and name.

Syntax:

<return_type> <function_name>(<parameter_list>)

2. Function body

The function body contains code statements that will be generated by the function implement. The function body is enclosed in curly braces {}.

3. Syntax

{
  // 函数体代码
}

Practical case

Let’s write a function that returns the square of a given number:

int square(int number)
{
  return number * number;
}

Calling a function

To call a function, simply use the function name and provide the actual parameters:

int result = square(5); // result 将变为 25

Note:

• The parameters of a function can be passed by value or by reference.
• Functions can be nested, which means that one function can be defined within another function.
• The return type of a function can be a basic type (such as int, float), pointer, reference or void.

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