How to unit test C++ function library?

Using Google Test for unit testing in a C function library can ensure its reliability. The specific steps are as follows: Install Google Test to create a unit test for the function library: Create a ".test.cpp" file and include the Google Test header definition inherited from ::testing::Test's test case class creates a test method starting with TEST. Run the unit test: use the gtest executable file and pass in the test case file. Use other assertion macros: ASSERT_EQ (abort the test), ASSERT_TRUE/ASSERT_FALSE (check the condition) , ASSERT_THROW (check exception thrown)

How to perform unit testing in C function library

Introduction
Unit testing is crucial to ensuring that the function library is reliable. One of the commonly used unit testing frameworks in C is Google Test, which provides a series of macros and functions that simplify the testing process. This article will guide you on how to use Google Test for unit testing in a C library.

Install Google Test
You can install Google Test from source using the following command:

git clone https://github.com/google/googletest
cd googletest
mkdir build
cd build
cmake .. -Dgtest_build_samples=ON
make

Set up unit testing
To be To write a unit test for a function library, please follow the steps below:

1. Create a new file containing test cases, usually ending with ".test.cpp".
2. Call #includef8f95929f1e271b6664bf075820e4e6d Contains the Google Test headers.
3. Define a test case class, which inherits from the ::testing::Test base class.
4. Create a test method in the test case class, with the method name starting with TEST.

Practical case: Testing a simple function
Consider a function named factorial that calculates the factorial of a given non-negative integer . Let's write a unit test to test this function:

#include "factorial.h"
#include "gtest/gtest.h"

TEST(FactorialTest, BasicTest) {
  EXPECT_EQ(1, factorial(0));
  EXPECT_EQ(1, factorial(1));
  EXPECT_EQ(2, factorial(2));
  EXPECT_EQ(6, factorial(3));
  EXPECT_EQ(24, factorial(4));
}

In this test case:

• TEST(FactorialTest, BasicTest) defines a function named BasicTest test method.
• EXPECT_EQ Macro is used to compare expected results with actual results.

Running Unit Tests
To run unit tests, use the gtest executable. Pass in the test case file as parameter:

./gtest tests.test.cpp

The output will show the passed and failed test cases.

Other assertion macros
Google Test provides other assertion macros, such as:

• ASSERT_EQ: and EXPECT_EQ Similar, but abort the test on failure.
• ASSERT_TRUE and ASSERT_FALSE: Check whether the condition is true or false respectively.
• ASSERT_THROW: Check whether the calling function throws the specified exception.

Conclusion
Unit testing in a C library is very easy using Google Test. By following the steps outlined in this article, you can write robust and reliable unit tests that ensure your library works as expected.

The above is the detailed content of How to unit test C++ function library?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!