Linux system consists of the following main components: Kernel: The core of the system, manages hardware and process interaction. Process: An instance of a running program. Thread: A lightweight execution unit in a process. User space: The memory area where user programs run. System library: precompiled code providing common functions. Shell: Command line interface, where users interact with the system. File system: A system that stores and organizes files and directories. Graphical user interface (optional): Graphical user interface.
Composition of Linux system
Linux system is a powerful, open source operating system, usually composed of the following main components Component composition:
1. Kernel
The kernel is the core of the Linux system and is responsible for managing hardware resources, handling system calls, and coordinating interactions between processes. It is the communication bridge between the system and the hardware.
2. Process
A process is a running program instance. In Linux, every process has a unique process ID (PID). Processes contain code, data, and other resources and are managed by the kernel.
3. Thread
Thread is a lightweight execution unit in the process. Threads share the process's memory and resources but have their own execution flow. Threads can perform different tasks at the same time, thereby improving the efficiency of the system.
4. User space
User space is a memory area outside the kernel and is used to run user programs and applications. It is isolated from kernel space to prevent user programs from accidentally damaging the system.
5. System library
The system library is a set of precompiled codes and functions that can be used by user programs. They provide common functionality such as file I/O, networking, and string processing.
6. Shell
Shell is the command line interface for users to interact with the Linux system. Users can use shell commands to perform tasks, create files, launch programs, and other system operations.
7. File system
A file system is a system that stores and organizes files and directories. Linux supports several file systems such as ext4, NTFS, and FAT.
8. Graphical User Interface (GUI)
GUI is an optional component that provides a graphical user interface. It allows users to interact with the system using the mouse and graphical elements without using the command line.
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