


Deeply understand the difference between methods and functions in Go language
In the Go language, methods are associated with specific types. The method name has a receiver parameter and is used to operate instances of a specific type, while functions are independent code blocks that are not associated with any type and receive variables in the form of ordinary parameters. or value.
The difference between methods and functions in Go language
Introduction
In Go In the language, methods and functions are two important concepts in the code, and understanding the difference between them is crucial to writing effective and maintainable code. This article will delve into the differences between methods and functions and illustrate them with practical examples.
Methods
Methods are functions associated with a type that allow us to operate on instances of a specific type. Methods use receivers, which are parameters to the method that specify the object it operates on. Method names have the following syntax:
func (t Type) methodName(parameters) returnType
Example:
// 定义一个 Person 类型 type Person struct { name string age int } // 为 Person 类型定义一个 greet 方法 func (p Person) greet() string { return fmt.Sprintf("Hello, my name is %s", p.name) }
In this example, the greet
method is of type Person
Association, which accepts a Person
instance as the receiver.
Function
A function is an independent block of code independent of any type. They take normal parameters, rather than receivers, and can operate on any type of variable or value. Function names use the following syntax:
func functionName(parameters) returnType
Example:
// 定义一个 add 函数 func add(a, b int) int { return a + b }
Difference
The following table summarizes the differences between methods and functions The main difference between:
Features | Method | Function |
---|---|---|
Association Type | Yes | No |
Yes | No | |
Type instance | Any type variable/value | |
func (t Type) methodName(parameters) returnType
|
func functionName(parameters) returnType
|
Practical case
Example 1: Calculate string length
func main() { name := "Go语言" fmt.Println("字符串长度:", len(name)) }Here, the
len function is an independent function, it Accepts a string as argument and returns its length.
Example 2: Translating String
type Text struct { content string } func (t Text) toUpper() string { return strings.ToUpper(t.content) } func main() { text := Text{content: "Go编程语言"} fmt.Println("转译后的字符串:", text.toUpper()) }In this case,
toUpper is a method that is the same as
Text Type association. It receives a
Text instance as a receiver and returns a copy translated to uppercase.
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Golang excels in practical applications and is known for its simplicity, efficiency and concurrency. 1) Concurrent programming is implemented through Goroutines and Channels, 2) Flexible code is written using interfaces and polymorphisms, 3) Simplify network programming with net/http packages, 4) Build efficient concurrent crawlers, 5) Debugging and optimizing through tools and best practices.

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Go language performs well in building efficient and scalable systems. Its advantages include: 1. High performance: compiled into machine code, fast running speed; 2. Concurrent programming: simplify multitasking through goroutines and channels; 3. Simplicity: concise syntax, reducing learning and maintenance costs; 4. Cross-platform: supports cross-platform compilation, easy deployment.

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