How to create and initialize array in Golang

How to create and initialize an array in Golang

In Golang, an array is a fixed-length data structure used to store elements of the same type. The length of the array is determined when it is created and cannot be changed dynamically. This article will introduce how to create and initialize arrays in Golang, as well as some common array operation methods.

1. Create Array

To create an array in Golang, you first need to specify the length and element type of the array. An array of 5 integers can be created using the following syntax:

var arr [5]int

This line of code creates an array of integers named arr with a length of 5. By default, the elements in the array will be initialized to zero based on the element type, that is, integer type array elements will be initialized to 0, string type array elements will be initialized to an empty string, Boolean type array elements will be initialized to false, etc.

If you want to specify the initial value in the array, you can directly assign it to the array element when creating it. The example is as follows:

var arr = [3]int{1, 2, 3}

This line of code creates an array containing 3 integers, and Set the initial values ​​of the array to 1, 2, and 3 respectively.

2. Initializing an array

Another way to initialize an array is to use an array literal. Array literals are a concise way to initialize an array. The example is as follows:

arr := [4]int{10, 20, 30, 40}

In this example, an array containing 4 integers is created, initialized to 10, 20, 30, and 40 respectively.

In addition to directly specifying the value of the element, you can also use the index to initialize the elements in the array. The example is as follows:

arr := [5]int{0: 10, 2: 20, 4: 30}

This line of code creates an array containing 5 integers, 0, 2. The elements in the 4 positions are initialized to 10, 20, and 30 respectively, and the elements in other positions default to 0.

3. Traverse the array

You can use the range keyword to traverse the array in Golang. The example is as follows:

arr := [4]int{10, 20, 30, 40}

for index, value := range arr {
    fmt.Printf("Index: %d, Value: %d
", index, value)
}

This code The index and value of each element in the array will be output in turn.

4. Array operations

In Golang, arrays are value types, so value copies are performed when passing arrays between functions. If you want to avoid copying values, you can use slices instead of arrays.

If you need to dynamically change the length of the array, you can also consider using slicing. Slices are a layer of encapsulation of arrays and have dynamic size characteristics.

In addition, if you need to find an element in the array or sort the array, you can use the function provided by the sort package.

Summary

In Golang, creating and initializing arrays is a basic and common operation. Through the methods introduced in this article, readers can learn how to create, initialize and operate arrays, thereby making better use of the array data structure.

The above is an introduction to how to create and initialize arrays in Golang. I hope it will be helpful to readers.

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