Explore commonly used standard libraries and packages in Golang

Explore commonly used standard libraries and packages in Golang

Golang is a fast, efficient, and concise programming language with a powerful standard library and rich third-party Packages allow developers to quickly build various types of applications. In this article, we will explore some commonly used standard libraries and packages in Golang, and attach specific code examples, hoping to help readers understand and utilize these resources more deeply.

1. The fmt package

fmt package is the standard library for formatting input and output in Golang. It provides a series of functions to help us print data to the console or other output streams in a specified format. The following is a simple example:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    name := "Alice"
    age := 25
    
    fmt.Printf("姓名：%s，年龄：%d
", name, age)
}

Running the above code will output: Name: Alice, age: 25

2. net/http package

# The

##net/http package is a standard library in Golang for processing HTTP requests and responses. It can be used to create web servers, clients, and handle HTTP routing. The following is a simple HTTP server example:

package main

import (
    "net/http"
    "fmt"
)

func handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    fmt.Fprintf(w, "欢迎访问！")
}

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/", handler)
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

After running the above code, visit

localhost:8080 and you will see the page display: Welcome!

3. os package

os package provides an interface to operating system functions, which can be used to execute system calls, read environment variables, create and Manage files, etc. The following is a simple file reading example:

package main

import (
    "os"
    "log"
    "io/ioutil"
)

func main() {
    file, err := os.Open("test.txt")
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    defer file.Close()

    data, err := ioutil.ReadAll(file)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    fmt.Println("文件内容：", string(data))
}

Before running the above code, you need to first create a text file named

test.txt and add some content. After running the code, the contents of the file will be output.

4. The time package

time package provides time operation functions, including obtaining the current time, time formatting, time calculation, etc. The following is a simple time operation example:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    currTime := time.Now()

    fmt.Println("当前时间：", currTime)
    fmt.Println("年份：", currTime.Year())
    fmt.Println("月份：", currTime.Month())
    fmt.Println("日子：", currTime.Day())
}

The above code will output the year, month and day of the current time.

The above is a brief introduction and sample code for some commonly used standard libraries and packages in Golang as well as related functions. It is hoped that readers can have a deeper understanding and utilization of Golang's powerful functions and improve their programming level through practice and exploration.

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