How to set ignore files in Git

How to configure the .ignore file in git requires specific code examples

In the process of using Git for version control, some files do not want to be tracked and managed by Git , such as temporary files, log files or sensitive information. To tell Git to ignore these files, we can configure it using a .gitignore file.

.gitignore file is a plain text file used to specify files or folders that Git ignores. Its function is to tell Git which files or folders do not need to be included in version control, and whether to display them in git status. Here is some sample code for .gitignore file configuration:

1. Ignore specific files:

   # 忽略test.txt文件
   test.txt
   
   # 忽略所有.DS_Store文件
   .DS_Store
   
   # 忽略目录下的所有.txt文件
   /*.txt
   
   # 忽略当前目录及其子目录下的所有.log文件
   *.log
   
   # 忽略test目录下的所有.xml文件
   /test/*.xml

2. Ignore folders:

   # 忽略build文件夹
   build/
   
   # 忽略所有的dist文件夹
   dist/
   
   # 忽略所有的node_modules文件夹
   node_modules/

3. Use wildcards:

   # 忽略所有的后缀为.tmp的文件
   *.tmp
   
   # 忽略所有以a开头，以b结尾的文件
   a*b
   
   # 忽略所有的.db、.log和.tmp文件
   *.[dblogtmp]
   
   # 忽略所有的log文件，但build目录下的log文件除外
   *.log
   !build/*.log

4. Note:

   # 这是一个注释
   
   *~    # 忽略所有以~结尾的文件
   
   /mt/  # 忽略根目录下的mt目录

It should be noted that .gitignore files can be placed in the project In any directory, when Git searches for ignore rules, it will search and apply the rules in order from top to bottom. Therefore, you can use relative paths in the .gitignore file, for example, to specify to ignore files in a certain directory.

In addition, some editors or IDEs will automatically generate some specific configuration files or cache files. These files may not want to be managed by Git and can be ignored through the .gitignore file.

To summarize, configuring the .gitignore file can tell Git to ignore certain files or folders for better version control. Through the above sample code, I believe you have mastered how to configure the .gitignore file to ignore files and folders that do not need to be included in Git version control.

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