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MySQL 关于表复制 insert into 语法的详细介绍_MySQL

WBOY
WBOYOriginal
2016-06-01 13:25:141001browse

bitsCN.com web开发中,我们经常需要将一个表的数据插入到另外一个表,有时还需要指定导入字段,设置只需要导入目标表中不存在的记录,虽然这些都可以在程序中拆分成简单sql来实现,但是用一个sql的话,会节省大量代码。下面我以mysql数据库为例分情况一一说明:
两张表:insertTest和insertTest2,前者中有测试数据

create table insertTest(id int(4),name varchar(12));
insert into insertTest values(100,‘liudehua');
insert into insertTest values(101,‘zhourunfa');
insert into insertTest values(102,‘zhouhuajian');

1.如果2张表的字段一致,并且希望插入全部数据,可以用这种方法:
  INSERT INTO 目标表 SELECT * FROM 来源表;

insert into insertTest select * from insertTest2;

2.如果只希望导入指定字段,可以用这种方法:

INSERT INTO 目标表 (字段1, 字段2, …) SELECT 字段1, 字段2, … FROM 来源表; 

注意字段的顺序必须一致。

insert into insertTest2(id) select id from insertTest2;

3.如果您需要只导入目标表中不存在的记录,可以使用这种方法:

 INSERT INTO 目标表 
 (字段1, 字段2, …) 
 SELECT 字段1, 字段2, … 
 FROM 来源表 
 WHERE not exists (select * from 目标表 
 where 目标表.比较字段 = 来源表.比较字段);

1>.插入多条记录:

insert into insertTest2
(id,name)
select id,name
from insertTest
where not exists (select * from insertTest2
where insertTest2.id=insertTest.id);

2>.插入一条记录:

insert into insertTest
(id, name)
SELECT 100, ‘liudehua'
FROM dual
WHERE not exists (select * from insertTest
where insertTest.id = 100);

使用 dual 作表名,select 语句后面直接跟上要插入的字段的值。bitsCN.com

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