What operating system is unix? Detailed introduction: Analysis of UNIX system characteristics

UNIX is a multi-user, multi-tasking operating system developed by Bell Labs and first released in 1969. It features open source code, portability, powerful network capabilities, and support for multiple hardware platforms. The design concept of the UNIX system is concise, modular and scalable. It provides a flexible and customizable environment, allowing users to freely customize and configure the system according to their own needs. The success of UNIX lies in its reliability, stability and security. It is widely used in servers, supercomputers, embedded systems and other fields. The characteristics analysis of UNIX system includes its file system, process management, network communication and security. This article will introduce the core characteristics of UNIX in detail.

UNIX system The UNIX (Yonex) operating system is a powerful multi-user, multi-task time-sharing operating system that supports a variety of processor architectures. It is mainly used in the server field. It was first developed by Ken Thompson It was developed at AT&T's Bell Labs in 1969 by Kenneth Lane Thompson and Dennis MacAlistair Ritchie.

Currently, the trademark rights of UNIX are owned by the International Open Standards Organization. Only operating systems that comply with the single UNIX specification can use the UNIX name, otherwise it can only be called UNIX-like. The UNIX systems mainly used in the market include IBM's AIX operating system, HP's HP-UX operating system, ORACLE's Solaris operating system and Linux systems. The main features of UNIX systems are: high portability, multi-user and multi-task support, powerful network functions, flexible command line interface and rich software ecosystem. These characteristics make UNIX the operating system of choice for many enterprises and institutions, and it is widely used in fields such as science, engineering, servers, and embedded systems.

(1) The UNIX system is a multi-user, multi-task time-sharing operating system.

(2) The system structure can be divided into two parts: the operating system kernel (composed of the file subsystem and process control subsystem, closest to the hardware), and the system shell (close to the user). The shell consists of a Shell interpreter, various languages ​​that support programming, compilers and interpreters, utilities and system call interfaces.

(3) Most UNIX systems are written in C language, which makes the system easy to read, easy to modify, and easy to transplant.

(4) It provides rich and carefully selected system calls, and the implementation of the entire system is very compact and concise.

(5) Provides a powerful programmable Shell language as the user interface, which is simple and efficient.

(6) The system adopts a tree directory structure and has good security, confidentiality and maintainability.

(7) The system adopts the memory management mechanism of process swapping (Swapping) and the storage method of request paging to realize virtual memory management, which greatly improves the efficiency of memory usage.

(8) The system provides a variety of communication mechanisms, such as: pipeline communication, soft interrupt communication, message communication, shared memory communication, and semaphore communication.

Master the principles and operation methods of the above basic features of UNIX, and you can basically master the maintenance methods of the UNIX operating system. However, each manufacturer's operating system has established its own needs based on its own hardware needs. technology, showing its own advantages and characteristics. The following is a brief introduction to the three brands of UNIX systems that are commonly used in China.

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