In-depth understanding of the basic knowledge and characteristics of Go language arrays

Basic concepts and characteristics of arrays in Go language

1. Basic concepts of arrays

An array is a data structure that can store multiple Data elements of the same type. Each element in the array has an index, starting from 0. The length of an array is the number of elements in the array.

2. Array declaration

Arrays can be declared by using the [] symbol. For example, the following code declares an array of 5 integers:

var numbers [5]int

Arrays can also be declared using the make() function. make() The function can create an array of any length. For example, the following code creates an array of 10 strings:

var names = make([]string, 10)

3. Array element access

Elements in an array can be accessed by using indexes. For example, the following code accesses the first element in the array numbers:

fmt.Println(numbers[0])

4. Traversing the array

The array can be looped by using for to traverse. For example, the following code iterates through the array numbers and prints out each element in it:

for i := 0; i < len(numbers); i++ {
  fmt.Println(numbers[i])
}

5. The length of the array

The length of the array can be determined by using len () function to obtain. For example, the following code gets the length of the array numbers:

length := len(numbers)

6. Copying of Arrays

Arrays can be copied by using the copy() function . copy() The function copies elements from one array to another array. For example, the following code copies the elements in the array numbers to the array copyNumbers:

copy(copyNumbers, numbers)

7. Sorting of Arrays

Arrays can be sorted by using sort.Sort() function to sort. sort.Sort() The function sorts the elements in the array in ascending or descending order. For example, the following code sorts the elements in the array numbers in ascending order:

sort.Sort(sort.IntSlice(numbers))

8. Searching the

array can be done by using sort.Search() function to search. sort.Search() The function searches for an element in an array and returns the index of the element. For example, the following code searches for element 5 in the array numbers and returns the index of the element:

index := sort.Search(len(numbers), func(i int) bool { return numbers[i] == 5 })

9. Common methods of arrays

Arrays provide many commonly used methods , these methods can help us operate arrays. For example, here are some commonly used array methods:

• append(): Appends an element to the end of the array.
• cap(): Returns the capacity of the array.
• copy(): Copy elements from one array to another array.
• len(): Returns the length of the array.
• make(): Create an array of any length.
• sort.Sort(): Sort the elements in the array in ascending or descending order.
• sort.Search(): Searches for an element in the array and returns the index of the element.

10. Code examples for arrays

The following are some code examples for arrays:

// 声明一个包含 5 个整数的数组
var numbers [5]int

// 数组元素访问
fmt.Println(numbers[0])

// 数组遍历
for i := 0; i < len(numbers); i++ {
  fmt.Println(numbers[i])
}

// 数组的长度
length := len(numbers)

// 数组的复制
copyNumbers := make([]int, len(numbers))
copy(copyNumbers, numbers)

// 数组的排序
sort.Sort(sort.IntSlice(numbers))

// 数组的搜索
index := sort.Search(len(numbers), func(i int) bool { return numbers[i] == 5 })

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