Create a high-performance linked list structure, written in Golang

Golang is a high-performance programming language. Its concurrency capabilities and memory management make it very suitable for writing efficient data structures. Linked list is a common data structure. The following will introduce how to use Golang to write an efficient linked list structure and provide specific code examples.

A linked list is a linear data structure that consists of nodes. Each node contains a value and a pointer to the next node. Compared with arrays, the advantage of linked lists is that inserting and deleting elements is more efficient because there is no need to move other elements. However, the search efficiency of linked lists is relatively low because it needs to be accessed one by one starting from the head node.

First, we define a structure of linked list nodes, the code is as follows:

type Node struct {
    value int
    next *Node
}

In the linked list structure, we define an integer type value and a pointer to the next node. Next, we define a linked list structure, which contains a pointer to the head node and a tail node.

type LinkedList struct {
    head *Node
    tail *Node
}

Now we can implement some basic operations of linked lists, such as insertion, deletion and search. The following is a code example for the insertion operation:

func (list *LinkedList) Insert(value int) {
    newNode := &Node{value: value}
    
    if list.head == nil {
        list.head = newNode
        list.tail = newNode
    } else {
        list.tail.next = newNode
        list.tail = newNode
    }
}

In the insertion operation, we first determine whether the linked list is empty. If it is empty, both the head node and the tail node point to the new node. If it is not empty, we add the new node after the tail node and set the new node as the new tail node.

The following is a code example for the deletion operation:

func (list *LinkedList) Remove(value int) {
    if list.head == nil {
        return
    }
    
    if list.head.value == value {
        list.head = list.head.next
        if list.head == nil {
            list.tail = nil
        }
        return
    }
    
    prev := list.head
    current := list.head.next
    
    for current != nil {
        if current.value == value {
            prev.next = current.next
            if current == list.tail {
                list.tail = prev
            }
            return
        }
        
        prev = current
        current = current.next
    }
}

The deletion operation first determines whether the linked list is empty, and returns directly if it is empty. Then we find the node to be deleted by traversing the linked list, save its predecessor node before deleting the node, and then point the next of the predecessor node to the next of the node to be deleted. What needs special attention is that if the node to be deleted is the tail node, the tail node of the linked list needs to be updated.

Finally, let’s implement the search operation of the linked list:

func (list *LinkedList) Search(value int) bool {
    current := list.head
    
    for current != nil {
        if current.value == value {
            return true
        }
        current = current.next
    }
    
    return false
}

The search operation is very simple, we only need to traverse the linked list and compare whether the value of the node is equal to the target value.

Now that we have implemented the basic operations of the linked list, you can use the linked list through the following code examples:

func main() {
    list := LinkedList{}
    list.Insert(1)
    list.Insert(2)
    list.Insert(3)
    
    fmt.Println(list.Search(2)) // Output: true
    
    list.Remove(2)
    fmt.Println(list.Search(2)) // Output: false
}

The above is a code example of using Golang to write an efficient linked list structure. Linked list is an important data structure, and knowing how to write efficient linked list implementation is very helpful for solving practical problems. Hope this article is helpful to you!

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