索引并不是时时都会生效的,比如以下几种情况,将导致索引失效:
1.如果条件中有or,即使其中有条件带索引也不会使用(这也是为什么尽量少用or的原因)
注意:要想使用or,又想让索引生效,只能将or条件中的每个列都加上索引
2.对于多列索引,不是使用的第一部分,则不会使用索引
3.like查询是以%开头
4.如果列类型是字符串,那一定要在条件中将数据使用引号引用起来,否则不使用索引
5.如果mysql估计使用全表扫描要比使用索引快,则不使用索引
此外,查看索引的使用情况
show status like ‘Handler_read%';
大家可以注意:
handler_read_key:这个值越高越好,越高表示使用索引查询到的次数
handler_read_rnd_next:这个值越高,说明查询低效

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