The Complete Guide to Data Type Conversion in Go: Start with the Basics

A complete guide to learning Go language data type conversion from scratch

Go language is a statically typed programming language, which has relatively strict requirements on data types. In Go language, data type conversion is a very common operation. This article will start from scratch, introduce various situations of data type conversion in Go language in detail, and provide specific code examples.

1. Basic data type conversion
The basic data types in Go language include integer, floating point, Boolean and string. When converting between different data types, you need to use the corresponding type conversion function or conversion operator.

1. Integer data type conversion
   In the Go language, conversion between integers can be performed through the type conversion function int() or the type conversion operator.

Sample code:

a := 10
b := float64(a)
c := int64(a)

2. Floating point data type conversion
   Conversion between floating point types can also be performed using type conversion functions and type conversion operators .

Sample code:

a := 10.5
b := int(a)
c := float32(a)

3. Boolean data type conversion
   In the Go language, the Boolean value can only be true or false. However, Boolean and integer types can be converted to each other, and when true is converted to an integer type, it is 1, and when false is converted to an integer type, it is 0.

Sample code:

a := true
b := int(a)
c := bool(b)

4. String data type conversion
   In the Go language, the conversion between strings and other data types is special. You can use the strconv package to convert strings to and from other data types.

Sample code:

import "strconv"

a := "10"
b, _ := strconv.Atoi(a)
c := strconv.Itoa(b)

2. Custom type conversion
In the Go language, you can use the type keyword to customize new data types. When you need to convert a custom type to other data types, you also need to use a type conversion function or conversion operator.

Sample code:

type MyInt int

a := MyInt(10)
b := int(a)

3. Structure type conversion
In Go language, structure is a composite data type that can contain multiple fields. When you need to convert a structure to another structure type, you need to pay attention to the correspondence between the fields.

Sample code:

type Person struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
}

type Employee struct {
    Name    string
    Age     int
    Company string
}

func main() {
    p := Person{Name: "Alice", Age: 20}
    
    // 将Person类型转换为Employee类型
    e := Employee(p)
    
    fmt.Printf("Name: %s, Age: %d, Company: %s
", e.Name, e.Age, e.Company)
}

4. Array and slice type conversion
In Go language, arrays and slices can be converted to each other. When converting an array into a slice, you can use the slice expression [:].

Sample code:

a := [3]int{1, 2, 3}

// 数组转换为切片
b := a[:]

// 切片转换为数组
c := []int{4, 5, 6}
d := [3]int(c)

Summary:
This article introduces various situations of data type conversion in Go language in detail, and provides specific code examples. In actual programming, data type conversion is a very common and important operation. I hope this article can help readers better understand and apply data type conversion in Go language.

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