How to implement routing reverse proxy in Go language

Reverse proxy for routing in Go language

Introduction:
With the development of the Internet, network request forwarding and proxy have become common needs in development . In the Go language, reverse proxy is a commonly used technology that forwards client requests to different backend servers. This article will introduce how to use Go language to implement a routing reverse proxy.

1. What is a reverse proxy
A reverse proxy is a type of proxy server that forwards requests to different backend servers based on client requests, and then returns the response from the backend server to client. Compared with forward proxy, reverse proxy is transparent to the client, and the client does not need to know which backend server the request is actually forwarded to.

2. Implement routing reverse proxy
In Go language, you can use the net/http package to implement routing reverse proxy. The following is a simple sample code:

package main

import (
    "log"
    "net/http"
    "net/http/httputil"
    "net/url"
)

func main() {
    targetURL, err := url.Parse("http://backend_server:8080")
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    proxy := httputil.NewSingleHostReverseProxy(targetURL)
    http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        // 修改请求头
        r.Header.Set("X-Forwarded-Host", r.Header.Get("Host"))

        proxy.ServeHTTP(w, r)
    })

    log.Println("Proxy server is running on :8000")
    log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8000", nil))
}

In the above example, the URL of the target server is first parsed through the url.Parse function. Then use the httputil.NewSingleHostReverseProxy function to create a reverse proxy object and pass in the URL of the target server. Next, a handler function is defined in the http.HandleFunc function that accepts all requests and forwards them to the target server. Inside the handler function, we can modify the request header information as needed. Finally, open an HTTP server through the http.ListenAndServe function and listen on port 8000.

3. Start the server and test
Execute the following command in the terminal to start the server:

$ go run main.go

After successful startup, you can go to http://localhost:8000Send a request to test the reverse proxy. The server forwards all requests to the target server and returns the target server's response to the client.

4. Summary
This article introduces how to use Go language to implement routing reverse proxy. Through the httputil.ReverseProxy structure in the net/http package, we can easily create a reverse proxy object and forward the request to the target server. In actual development, we can process request headers, request bodies, etc. according to needs to meet business needs. I hope this article will help you understand and apply reverse proxy.

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