How to optimize disk performance and storage performance of Linux systems

How to optimize the disk performance and storage performance of the Linux system

Disk performance and storage performance are very important for any system, because they directly affect the system Response speed and data processing capabilities. For Linux systems, disk performance and storage performance can be improved through some optimization measures. This article will introduce several commonly used optimization methods and provide corresponding code examples.

1. Use a solid-state drive (SSD) to replace a mechanical hard drive
   Solid-state drives have higher read and write speeds and lower latency, so replacing mechanical hard drives with solid-state drives can significantly improve The system's disk performance. In Linux systems, you can view hard disk information through the following command:

   sudo lshw -class disk

   After confirming the hard disk type, connect the solid-state drive to the system and initialize and configure it according to the instructions.

2. Adjust read and write cache parameters
   The Linux system uses caching to reduce the impact of disk read and write operations on performance. Storage performance can be improved by adjusting read and write cache parameters. Modify the relevant parameters in the following file:

   sudo nano /etc/sysctl.conf

   Add the following lines to the end of the file:

   vm.dirty_background_ratio = 5
   vm.dirty_ratio = 10
   vm.dirty_expire_centisecs = 500
   vm.dirty_writeback_centisecs = 100

   These parameters will adjust the proportion of dirty pages (pages that have been modified but have not yet been written to disk), Expiration time and write-back time. Save the file and run the following command to make the modifications effective:

   sudo sysctl -p

3. Using IO scheduler
   Linux system provides a variety of IO schedulers, and you can choose the most appropriate one according to different application scenarios scheduler. Disk performance can be improved by adjusting the IO scheduler. Check the currently used IO scheduler:

   cat /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler

   Common schedulers include noop, deadline and cfq. The IO scheduler can be changed with the following command:

   sudo echo "noop" > /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler

   Replace sda with the actual disk used in the system. Note that this method only takes effect after restarting. To take effect immediately, you can run the following command:

   sudo sysctl -w vm.swappiness=1

4. Enable TRIM support
   TRIM is a feature of SSD disks that can be improved Disk performance and longevity. Enabling TRIM support automatically clears data on deleted files, reducing write latency and the number of write operations. In Linux systems, TRIM support can be enabled through the following command:

   sudo nano /etc/fstab

   Add the discard option to the line where the disk is mounted, such as:

   UUID=xxx / ext4 noatime,errors=remount-ro,discard 0 1

   replace Replace xxx with the actual UUID. Save the file and remount the disk:

   sudo mount -o remount /

In summary, optimization can be achieved by using an SSD, adjusting read and write cache parameters, using a suitable IO scheduler and enabling TRIM support Disk performance and storage performance of Linux systems. These methods can be adjusted according to actual needs and can be dynamically optimized while the system is running.

(Note: The above code examples are only for reference. In actual operation, please adjust and modify them according to the system and needs. In addition, please operate with caution to avoid irrecoverable damage to the system.)

The above is the detailed content of How to optimize disk performance and storage performance of Linux systems. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!