Implement HTTP routing using the net/http.Handle function in the Go language documentation

HTTP routing can be easily implemented using the Handle function in the net/http package of the Go language. In this article, we will explain step by step how to use the Handle function to implement a simple HTTP router. Let's unfold it step by step.

First, let us understand the basic usage of the Handle function. The signature of the Handle function is as follows:

func Handle(pattern string, handler http.Handler)

It accepts two parameters: pattern and handler. Among them, pattern is a string used to match the path of HTTP requests; handler is an object that implements the http.Handler interface and is used to process requests that match the path.

Now, let us create a simple HTTP server and implement a basic routing function. We will create a router that handles the home and about pages.

First, we need to import the net/http package and fmt package:

import (
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
)

Next, we define a function homeHandler that handles homepage requests:

func homeHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    fmt.Fprint(w, "欢迎访问首页！")
}

Then, we define A function aboutHandler that handles about page requests:

func aboutHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    fmt.Fprint(w, "欢迎访问关于页面！")
}

Now, we can start creating a router and register our handler function. We use the Handle function to accomplish this task.

func main() {
    // 创建一个路由器
    router := http.NewServeMux()

    // 注册首页处理函数
    router.Handle("/", http.HandlerFunc(homeHandler))

    // 注册关于页面处理函数
    router.Handle("/about", http.HandlerFunc(aboutHandler))

    // 启动服务器
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", router)
}

In the above code, we first create a new ServeMux object as the router. Then, use the Handle function to register the homeHandler function and aboutHandler function, which handle requests for the root path and /about path respectively. Finally, we started the server using the http.ListenAndServe function. The server will listen for HTTP requests locally on port 8080.

Now, we can run our program and access the homepage and about page in the browser. Enter http://localhost:8080/ in the browser to access the homepage, enter http://localhost:8080/about in the browser to access the about page.

This is the basic step of using the Handle function to implement HTTP routing. Of course, in actual applications, we can register more processing functions as needed to handle requests from different paths.

To summarize, this article introduces readers to how to use the Handle function in the net/http package of Go language to implement HTTP routing through a simple example. Using the Handle function, we can easily register functions that handle requests from different paths. I hope readers will have a deeper understanding of the use of Handle functions through this article and can flexibly apply them in their own projects.

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