How to implement lazy loading and asynchronous component loading in Vue

How to implement lazy loading and asynchronous component loading in Vue

Lazy loading (or delayed loading) refers to loading resources only when needed, not when the page is loaded All are loaded. This reduces initial load time and improves page performance and user experience. The Vue framework provides lazy loading functionality and support for asynchronous component loading, allowing developers to easily implement lazy loading and asynchronous component loading.

1. Implementation of lazy loading

In Vue, we can use asynchronous components and the code splitting function of Webpack to implement lazy loading. The specific steps are as follows:

1. Install the babel plug-in

First, we need to install the babel plug-in to support dynamic introduction (import) syntax. Execute the following command in the project root directory:

npm install @babel/plugin-syntax-dynamic-import -D

2. Modify babel configuration

Next we need to modify the .babelrc file and add @babel/plugin -syntax-dynamic-importplugin. Example:

{
  "plugins": ["@babel/plugin-syntax-dynamic-import"]
}

3. Use dynamic import syntax

Use dynamic import syntax at components that need to be loaded lazily. For example, we use dynamic introduction in the routing configuration file to implement lazy loading:

import Vue from 'vue'
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'

Vue.use(VueRouter)

const routes = [
  {
    path: '/',
    name: 'Home',
    component: () => import(/* webpackChunkName: "home" */ '../views/Home.vue')
  },
  {
    path: '/about',
    name: 'About',
    component: () => import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/About.vue')
  },
  // 其他路由配置...
]

const router = new VueRouter({
  routes
})

export default router

In the above code, we use the import() syntax with webpackChunkName option to implement lazy loading. webpackChunkName option is used to specify the name of the generated chunk file.

2. Implementation of asynchronous component loading

Asynchronous component loading means loading components only when they are needed, rather than loading all components at once when the page is loaded. The Vue framework provides the Vue.component() method and Vue asynchronous component to implement asynchronous component loading. The specific steps are as follows:

1. Define an asynchronous component

First, we need to define an asynchronous component, the example is as follows:

Vue.component('my-component', (resolve, reject) => {
  setTimeout(() => {
    resolve({
      template: '<div>This is an asynchronous component!</div>'
    })
  }, 1000)
})

In the above code, we use Vue.component()method and pass in a callback function to define an asynchronous component. Inside the callback function, we can use asynchronous operations, such as timers or asynchronous requests.

2. Use asynchronous components

Use the <component></component> tag where you need to use asynchronous components, and bind asynchronous to the is attribute The name of the component. Example:

<template>
  <div>
    <component :is="asyncComponent"></component>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      asyncComponent: 'my-component'
    }
  }
}
</script>

In the above code, we use the <component></component> tag to dynamically render an asynchronous component. By binding a variable to the is property, we can dynamically select the name of the asynchronous component.

Summary:

By using lazy loading and asynchronous component loading, we can implement on-demand loading in the Vue project, improving application performance and user experience. In actual development, we can reasonably apply these functions according to project needs to make page loading more efficient.

Reference materials:

• Vue official documentation: https://cn.vuejs.org/v2/guide/components-dynamic-async.html
• Webpack Official documentation: https://webpack.js.org/guides/code-splitting

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