Detailed explanation of common coding standard issues in C++

Detailed explanation of common coding standard issues in C, specific code examples are required

Introduction:
In the software development process, good coding standards are to ensure code quality one of the important factors. A standardized coding style can improve code readability, maintainability, and team collaboration efficiency. This article will analyze in detail common coding standard issues in C and provide specific code examples to help readers better understand and apply these standards.

1. Naming specifications

1. Class names, structure names and enumeration names use big camel case naming, such as MyClass, MyStruct, MyEnum.
2. Function names, variable names and member variables use camel case naming, such as myFunction, myVariable, myMemberVariable.
3. Use all capital letters for constant names and separate words with underscores, such as MY_CONSTANT.
4. Naming should be descriptive, avoid using meaningless names, and try to follow domain-specific naming conventions.

Sample code:

class MyClass {
public:
    enum MyEnum {
        ENUM_VALUE_1,
        ENUM_VALUE_2
    };
    
    void myFunction() {
        int myVariable = 0;
        const int MY_CONSTANT = 10;
    }
    
private:
    int myMemberVariable;
};

2. Indentation and alignment

1. Use spaces instead of tabs for indentation, usually 4 spaces .
2. For the curly braces of functions, use newlines and open symbol alignment, as shown in the following example.

Sample code:

void myFunction()
{
    if (condition) {
        // do something
    } else {
        // do something else
    }
}

3. Code comments

1. For complex logic or key algorithms, detailed comments should be written to explain the code Intent and implementation details.
2. In the header of each file, a brief description, author information, and modification history of the file should be provided.

Sample code:

/*
 * MyClass.h
 * 
 * Description: This file contains the definition of MyClass.
 * Author: John Smith
 * Date: 2020-01-01
 * 
 * Modification history:
 * 2020-01-01: Initial version
 * ...
 */

class MyClass {
public:
    void myFunction(); // This function does something
};

4. The order of function and class definition

1. Declare the function prototype first, and then define the function implementation.
2. The constructor and destructor of the class should be placed first and last to facilitate the calling and finding of other member functions.

Sample code:

class MyClass {
public:
    MyClass();
    ~MyClass();

    void myFunction();
    void myOtherFunction();
    
private:
    int myVariable;
};

5. Logic and maintainability of code

1. Use good code structure and modular programming to compile the code Split into multiple functions, each function should be responsible for completing a clear task.
2. Avoid using long functions, long files, and too many global variables to improve code readability and maintainability.
3. Repetitive code that needs to be used multiple times should be abstracted into functions or macros to avoid code redundancy.

Sample code:

// Bad example
void myFunction() {
    // a long piece of code...
    // ...
    // another long piece of code...
    // ...
    // more code...
}

// Good example
void doSomething() {
    // a piece of code...
}

void doSomethingElse() {
    // another piece of code...
}

void myFunction() {
    doSomething();
    doSomethingElse();
}

Conclusion:
This article analyzes common coding standard issues in C in detail and provides specific code examples. Good coding standards can improve code readability, maintainability and team collaboration efficiency. By following these conventions, we can write high-quality C code.

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