Simple and easy-to-use Python Linux script operation guide
In the Linux environment, Python script is an extremely powerful and easy-to-use tool. Python's concise syntax and rich libraries make writing scripts fast and efficient. This article will introduce you to some simple and easy-to-use Python Linux script operations, and provide specific code examples to help you better use Python for Linux system management and operation.
- File and directory operations
Python provides a series of libraries for file and directory operations, such asos
andshutil
, etc. Here is some sample code:
First of all, we can use the os
library to operate the creation, deletion, and movement of files and directories. For example, create a new directory:
import os os.mkdir("new_directory")
Next, we can use the shutil
library to copy, move, and delete files and directories. For example, copy a file:
import shutil shutil.copy("source_file.txt", "destination_file.txt")
- System command execution
Python can execute system commands through thesubprocess
library. You can use Python scripts to execute common Linux commands, such asls
,grep
, etc. The following is an example description:
import subprocess output = subprocess.check_output("ls", shell=True) print(output)
- Network operation
Python has powerful network programming capabilities, and you can use thesocket
library to perform network operations. The following is a simple example for detecting the network connection status of the host:
import socket def check_connection(hostname, port): try: socket.create_connection((hostname, port), timeout=5) return True except OSError: return False is_connected = check_connection("www.google.com", 80) print(is_connected)
- Logging
In Linux system management, logging is a very important part. Python provides thelogging
library to help you with logging. The following is a simple example for logging error information to a log file:
import logging logging.basicConfig(filename="error.log", level=logging.ERROR) logging.error("This is an error message")
- Scheduled tasks
Python scripts can be run viacron
orcrontab
To implement scheduled tasks. The following is an example for executing a Python script regularly every day:
import datetime with open("log.txt", "a") as file: file.write(str(datetime.datetime.now()) + " - Task executed ")
Save the above code as a script.py
file and run it through the crontab -e
command Add the following lines:
0 0 * * * python /path/to/script.py
This will execute the script every day at midnight.
Through these simple and easy-to-use Python Linux script operation guides, you can manage and operate Linux systems more efficiently. Whether it is file and directory operations, system command execution, network operations, logging or scheduled tasks, Python provides you with powerful tools and libraries. I hope this article can provide you with useful code examples to help you better develop and use Python scripts.
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