What is pattern matching in C# 7.0?

C# 7.0 introduces pattern matching in two situations: is expressions and switch statement.

Pattern tests whether a value has a certain shape and can be obtained from The value when having a matching shape.

Pattern matching provides a cleaner syntax for algorithms

You can perform pattern matching on any data type (even your own data type), and If/else, you always need primitives to match.

Pattern matching can extract values ​​from expressions.

Before pattern match -

Example

public class PI{
   public const float Pi = 3.142f;
}
public class Rectangle : PI{
   public double Width { get; set; }
   public double height { get; set; }
}
public class Circle : PI{
   public double Radius { get; set; }
}
class Program{
   public static void PrintArea(PI pi){
      if (pi is Rectangle){
         Rectangle rectangle = pi as Rectangle;
         System.Console.WriteLine("Area of Rect {0}", rectangle.Width * rectangle.height);
      }
      else if (pi is Circle){
         Circle c = pi as Circle;
         System.Console.WriteLine("Area of Circle {0}", Circle.Pi * c.Radius * c.Radius);
      }
   }
   public static void Main(){
      Rectangle r1 = new Rectangle { Width = 12.2, height = 33 };
      Rectangle r2 = new Rectangle { Width = 12.2, height = 44 };
      Circle c1 = new Circle { Radius = 12 };
      PrintArea(r1);
      PrintArea(r2);
      PrintArea(c1);
      Console.ReadLine();
   }
}

Output

Area of Rect 402.59999999999997
Area of Rect 536.8
Area of Circle 452.44799423217773

After pattern match -

Example

public class PI{
   public const float Pi = 3.142f;
}
public class Rectangle : PI{
   public double Width { get; set; }
   public double height { get; set; }
}
public class Circle : PI{
   public double Radius { get; set; }
}
class Program{
   public static void PrintArea(PI pi){
      if (pi is Rectangle rectangle){
         System.Console.WriteLine("Area of Rect {0}", rectangle.Width *
         rectangle.height);
      }
      else if (pi is Circle c){
         System.Console.WriteLine("Area of Circle {0}", Circle.Pi * c.Radius *
         c.Radius);
      }
   }
   public static void Main(){
      Rectangle r1 = new Rectangle { Width = 12.2, height = 33 };
      Rectangle r2 = new Rectangle { Width = 12.2, height = 44 };
      Circle c1 = new Circle { Radius = 12 };
      PrintArea(r1);
      PrintArea(r2);
      PrintArea(c1);
      Console.ReadLine();
   }
}

Output

Area of Rect 402.59999999999997
Area of Rect 536.8
Area of Circle 452.44799423217773

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