注意转义字符\的使用\\,\",\$
注意使用8进制或16进制字符表示 \xf6
echo "H\xf6me";//需要察看是否支持此类文字编码
---------------------输出结果----------------------------------------
H鰉e
---------------------------------------------------------------------
1.使用printf()和sprintf()创建格式化的输出
printf()直接输出到输出缓冲区
sprintf()的输出作为字符串返回
如printf("输出内容 %.2f\n",$PI());
所有的转换规范都以%开头
数据类型有d-整数,s-字符串,f-浮点数,b-二进制
.2是一个可选的宽度指标,小数点右边输出使用0填充
printf("%.2f",3.14159);
printf("%10.2f",3.14159);
printf("%.10f",3.14159);
printf("%.9s",abcdefghijklmn);
printf("%5.2f,%f,%7.3f\m",3.14159,3.14159,3.14159);
printf("%b %d %f %s \n",123,123,123,"test");
---------------------输出结果----------------------------------------
3.14 3.143.1415900000abcdefghi 3.14,3.141590, 3.142\m1111011 123 123.000000 test
---------------------------------------------------------------------
2.字符串填充
string str_pad(string input原始字串, int length添加后的总长度[, string padding要填充的字符 [, int pad_type]填充类型])
填充类型有添加在左边STR_PAD_LEFT,默认添在右边,填充在两端STR_PAD_BOTH
$index = array("one"=>1,"two"=>155,"three"=>1679);
echo "
";
echo str_pad("这是标题",50," ",STR_PAD_BOTH)."\n";
foreach($index as $inkey=>$inval)
echo str_pad($inkey,30,".").str_pad($inval,20,".",STR_PAD_LEFT)."\n";
echo "
";
---------------------输出结果----------------------------------------
这是标题
one..............................................1
two............................................155
three.........................................1679
---------------------------------------------------------------------
string strtolower(string subject)//转换为小写
string strtoupper(string subject)//转换为大写
string ucfirst(string subject)//首字母大写
string ucwords(string subject)//每个单词首字母大写
string ltrim(string subject)//去左空白
string rtrim(string subject)//去右空白
string trim(string subject)去左右空白,空白包括null,制表符,换行符,回车符和空格
string n12br(string source)//将\n表示的换行符转换为
标记
3.字符串比较
integer strcmp(sting str1,string str2) //str1大于str2返回-1 str1小于str2返回1 str1和str2相等返回0
integer strmcmp(sting str1,string str2,integer length) //第三个参数限制length个字符的比较
print strcmp("aardvark","aardwolf");
print strncmp("aardvark","aardwolf",4);
---------------------输出结果----------------------------------------
-10
---------------------------------------------------------------------
strcasecmp()和strncasecmp()是不区分大小写的比较函数
4.查找和抽取子字符串
string substr(sting source,integer start[,integer length])//从start开始取length个字符
start和length可以使用负值
$var = "abcdefgh";
print substr($var,2);//从0开始计数
print substr($var,2,3);
print substr($var,-1);//从字符串的末尾开始
print substr($var,-5,2);
print substr($var,-5,-2);
---------------------输出结果----------------------------------------
cdefgh
cde
h
de
def
---------------------------------------------------------------------
integer strpos(string haystack,string needle[,integer offset])//查找子字符串的位置,返回第一次出现.
integer strrpos(string haystack,string needle)//只搜索单个字符(多个字符只取第一个),返回最后一次出现的索引.
还有常见的从 字符串中抽取找到的部分 的函数
string strstr(string haystack,string needle)//不区分大小写
string stristr(string haystack,string needle)//区分大小写
string strrchr(string haystack,sting needle)
*********** array explode(string separator,string subject[,integer limit])//返回一个字符串数组
array implode(string glue,array pieces)//返回一个字符串
///////////////////////////代码段////////////////////////////////////////
$guest = "this is a string";
$guestArray = explode(" ",$guest);
var_dump($guestArray);
sort($guestArray);
echo implode(",",$guestArray);
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
---------------------输出结果----------------------------------------
array(4) { [0]=> string(4) "this" [1]=> string(2) "is" [2]=> string(1) "a" [3]=> string(6) "string" } a,is,string,this
---------------------------------------------------------------------
5.替换字符和子字符串
string substr_replace(string source,string replace,int start[,int length])

PHP is used to build dynamic websites, and its core functions include: 1. Generate dynamic content and generate web pages in real time by connecting with the database; 2. Process user interaction and form submissions, verify inputs and respond to operations; 3. Manage sessions and user authentication to provide a personalized experience; 4. Optimize performance and follow best practices to improve website efficiency and security.

PHP uses MySQLi and PDO extensions to interact in database operations and server-side logic processing, and processes server-side logic through functions such as session management. 1) Use MySQLi or PDO to connect to the database and execute SQL queries. 2) Handle HTTP requests and user status through session management and other functions. 3) Use transactions to ensure the atomicity of database operations. 4) Prevent SQL injection, use exception handling and closing connections for debugging. 5) Optimize performance through indexing and cache, write highly readable code and perform error handling.

Using preprocessing statements and PDO in PHP can effectively prevent SQL injection attacks. 1) Use PDO to connect to the database and set the error mode. 2) Create preprocessing statements through the prepare method and pass data using placeholders and execute methods. 3) Process query results and ensure the security and performance of the code.

PHP and Python have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice depends on project needs and personal preferences. 1.PHP is suitable for rapid development and maintenance of large-scale web applications. 2. Python dominates the field of data science and machine learning.

PHP is widely used in e-commerce, content management systems and API development. 1) E-commerce: used for shopping cart function and payment processing. 2) Content management system: used for dynamic content generation and user management. 3) API development: used for RESTful API development and API security. Through performance optimization and best practices, the efficiency and maintainability of PHP applications are improved.

PHP makes it easy to create interactive web content. 1) Dynamically generate content by embedding HTML and display it in real time based on user input or database data. 2) Process form submission and generate dynamic output to ensure that htmlspecialchars is used to prevent XSS. 3) Use MySQL to create a user registration system, and use password_hash and preprocessing statements to enhance security. Mastering these techniques will improve the efficiency of web development.

PHP and Python each have their own advantages, and choose according to project requirements. 1.PHP is suitable for web development, especially for rapid development and maintenance of websites. 2. Python is suitable for data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence, with concise syntax and suitable for beginners.

PHP is still dynamic and still occupies an important position in the field of modern programming. 1) PHP's simplicity and powerful community support make it widely used in web development; 2) Its flexibility and stability make it outstanding in handling web forms, database operations and file processing; 3) PHP is constantly evolving and optimizing, suitable for beginners and experienced developers.


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