Workerman development experience: practical experience in building scalable large-scale network applications

Workerman Development Experience: Practical Experience in Building Scalable Large-Scale Network Applications

Introduction:
In today's digital era, the demand for network applications Continuously increasing, this drives developers to develop more efficient, scalable, and stable web applications. In web application development, choosing the right development framework is crucial. As a high-performance, scalable TCP/UDP server framework based on PHP, Workerman provides developers with powerful functionality and flexibility. In the process of using Workerman, we have accumulated some practical experiences and techniques. This article will share these experiences, hoping to be helpful to developers who are using or planning to use the Workerman framework.

1. Asynchronous programming model

Workerman uses a non-blocking asynchronous I/O model, which means that it does not create a thread or process for each connection, but uses an event loop (EventLoop) mechanism to handle requests. This asynchronous programming model is very important for large-scale network applications and can significantly improve the concurrent processing capabilities of the server. The following is a simple sample code that demonstrates Workerman's asynchronous programming model:

require_once 'workerman/Autoloader.php';

use WorkermanWorker;

$worker = new Worker('text://0.0.0.0:8000');

$worker->onConnect = function($connection) {
    echo "New connection
";
};

$worker->onMessage = function($connection, $data) {
    echo "Received data: $data
";
    $connection->send("Hello, $data");
};

$worker->onClose = function($connection) {
    echo "Connection closed
";
};

Worker::runAll();

In the above sample code, we created a TCP server listening on the local port 8000. When a new connection is connected, the onConnect method will be triggered. When a message from the client is received, the onMessage method will be triggered for processing and a reply message will be sent to the client. For more details on the asynchronous programming model, please refer to the Workerman official documentation.

2. Event-driven message processing

When developing large-scale network applications, message processing is a very important link. Workerman processes messages in an event-driven manner, which can easily complete the processing and distribution of different types of messages. Here is an example that demonstrates how to handle different types of messages:

$worker->onMessage = function($connection, $data) {
    $message = json_decode($data, true);
    if ($message['type'] == 'login') {
        // 处理登录消息
        handleLogin($connection, $message);
    } elseif ($message['type'] == 'chat') {
        // 处理聊天消息
        handleChat($connection, $message);
    } else {
        // 处理其他类型消息
        handleOther($connection, $message);
    }
};

function handleLogin($connection, $message) {
    // 处理登录逻辑
}

function handleChat($connection, $message) {
    // 处理聊天逻辑
}

function handleOther($connection, $message) {
    // 处理其他逻辑
}

In the above sample code, we have used a JSON formatted message and converted the message into an association through the json_decode function array. Then according to the message type, different processing functions are called for business processing. This event-driven message processing method is very flexible and can easily expand and maintain the code.

3. Process management and load balancing

In large-scale network applications, process management and load balancing are very important considerations. Workerman provides process management and load balancing functions, which can adjust the server's processing power and performance according to actual needs.

The following is a sample code that demonstrates how to use Workerman's process management and load balancing features:

require_once 'workerman/Autoloader.php';

use WorkermanWorker;

// 创建Worker实例
$worker = new Worker('text://0.0.0.0:8000');

// 设置进程数
$worker->count = 4;

// 设置负载均衡策略
$worker->reusePort = true;

// 设置业务逻辑
$worker->onMessage = function($connection, $data) {
    // 处理业务逻辑
};

// 运行Worker
Worker::runAll();

In the above sample code, we set $worker-> count = 4 creates 4 processes to handle connection requests. Use $worker->reusePort = true to enable port reuse to avoid wasting port resources. This can improve the server's concurrent processing capabilities by increasing the number of processes.

At the same time, Workerman also provides more load balancing functions, such as disabling process recycling and restart mechanisms through $worker->reloadable = false to improve performance. For more details on process management and load balancing, please refer to the Workerman official documentation.

Summary:
By using the Workerman framework, we can easily build scalable large-scale network applications. During the development process, asynchronous programming models, event-driven message processing, process management and load balancing are areas we need to focus on. By properly utilizing the functionality and flexibility provided by Workerman, we can more efficiently develop powerful, stable and reliable network applications. Hopefully these practical experiences will be helpful to developers who are currently using or planning to use Workerman.

References:

• Workerman official documents: http://www.workerman.net/
• Related technical articles and blogs

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