What is duty cycle

Duty cycle refers to the ratio of the duration of the high-level signal in the periodic signal to the period. The duty cycle refers to the ratio of the occupation time of the high-level signal in the pulse signal to the time of a complete cycle. Duty cycle Ratio is usually expressed as a percentage and is widely used in control circuits and power supply circuits.

# Operating system for this tutorial: Windows 10 system, Dell G3 computer.

Duty Cycle refers to the ratio of the duration of the high-level signal to the period in the periodic signal. In electronic engineering, duty cycle refers to the ratio of the occupation time of a high-level signal in a pulse signal to the time of a complete cycle. Duty cycle is usually expressed as a percentage.

Duty cycle has important applications in various electronic devices, especially in control circuits and power supply circuits. In the control circuit, the duty cycle refers to the occupation time of the high-level signal in the control signal, which is used to control the intensity or power of the output signal. In power circuits, duty cycle refers to the ratio of the switching tube conduction time to a complete cycle time in the switching power supply, which is used to control the output voltage or current.

In a DC power supply, changes in the duty cycle can adjust the output voltage by adjusting the switch conduction time. For example, when the duty cycle is 50%, the on-time and off-time of the switch are equal, and the output voltage is half of the input voltage. When the duty cycle increases, the switch conduction time increases, and the output voltage also increases accordingly; when the duty cycle decreases, the switch conduction time decreases, and the output voltage also decreases accordingly.

In an AC power supply, changes in the duty cycle can adjust the output voltage by changing the amplitude of the modulation signal. For example, pulse width modulation (PWM) technology controls the output voltage by changing the high-level time of the modulation signal. When the duty cycle increases, the high-level time of the modulation signal increases, and the output voltage also increases accordingly; when the duty cycle decreases, the high-level time of the modulation signal decreases, and the output voltage also decreases accordingly.

The size of the duty cycle has an important impact on the performance and stability of electronic equipment. A duty cycle that is too high or too low may cause electronic equipment to malfunction or be damaged. In the control circuit, too high a duty cycle may cause the output signal to be too strong, exceeding the range that the device can withstand; too low a duty cycle may cause the output signal to be too weak, unable to achieve the required control effect. In the power circuit, too high a duty cycle may cause the switch tube to be overloaded, and too low a duty cycle may cause the output voltage to be unstable.

Therefore, it is very important for programmers to understand and master the concept and application of duty cycle. In programming, the duty cycle can be adjusted by changing the values ​​of specific parameters in the program to achieve precise control of electronic devices. For example, in embedded systems, timers and counters can be used to generate signals with specific frequencies and duty cycles to control the speed of motors or the brightness of LEDs. In digital signal processing, specific algorithms can be used to generate pulse signals with specific duty cycles for modulation and demodulation of audio signals.

In short, the duty cycle refers to the ratio of the duration of the high-level signal to the period in the periodic signal. In electronic engineering, duty cycle is widely used in control circuits and power supply circuits. For programmers, understanding and mastering the concept and application of duty cycle can achieve precise control of electronic devices and improve the performance and stability of electronic devices.

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