Crawler + Visualization | Python Zhihu Hot List/Weibo Hot Search Sequence Chart (Part 1)

##This issue isZhihu Hot List/Weibo Hot Search Sequence Chart>Series of articlesThe content of the previous article introduces how to use Python to regularly crawl knowledge Hu hot list/Weibo hot search data, andsave it to a CSV file for subsequent visualization. The timing diagram part will be innext articleIntroduced in the content, I hope it will be helpful to you.

涉及到的内容：

pandas — 数据处理

schedule — 定时任务

#json - Data Format

read_html — Web form processing

1. Preparation

1.1 Import module

import json
import time
import requests
import schedule
import pandas as pd
from fake_useragent import UserAgent

##

2. 知乎热榜数据

2.1 网页分析 

知乎热榜电脑端接口：

https://www.zhihu.com/hot

知乎热榜手机端接口：

https://api.zhihu.com/topstory/hot-list?limit=10&reverse_order=0

注意：电脑端端直接F12调试页即可看到热榜数据，手机端需要借助抓包工具查看，这里我们使用手机端接口(返回json格式数据，解析比较方便)。

2.2 Get data

##Code:

def getzhihudata(url, headers):
    r = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
    r.raise_for_status()
    r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
    datas = json.loads(r.text)['data']
    allinfo = []
    time_mow = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M", time.localtime())
    print(time_mow)
    for indx,item in enumerate(datas):
        title = item['target']['title']
        heat = item['detail_text'].split(' ')[0]
        answer_count = item['target']['answer_count']
        follower_count = item['target']['follower_count']
        href = item['target']['url']
        info = [time_mow, indx+1, title, heat, answer_count, follower_count, href]
        allinfo.append(info)
    # 仅首次加表头
    global csv_header
    df = pd.DataFrame(allinfo,columns=['时间','排名','标题','热度(万)','回答数','关注数','链接'])
    print(df.head())

定时间隔设置1S:

# 每1分钟执行一次爬取任务:
schedule.every(1).minutes.do(getzhihudata,zhihu_url,headers)
while True:
     schedule.run_pending()
     time.sleep(1)

效果：

2.3 保存数据 

df.to_csv('zhuhu_hot_datas.csv', mode='a+', index=False, header=csv_header)
csv_header = False

注意csv_header的设置，涉及到是否写入表头字段。

3. Weibo hot search data

##3.1 Web page analysis

##Weibo hot search URL:

https://s.weibo.com/top/summary

F12 View web page source code:

##The data is in the

tag of the web page.

##3.2 Obtain data

代码：

def getweibodata():
    url = 'https://s.weibo.com/top/summary'
    r = requests.get(url, timeout=10)
    r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
    df = pd.read_html(r.text)[0]
    df = df.loc[1:,['序号', '关键词']]
    df = df[~df['序号'].isin(['•'])]
    time_mow = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M", time.localtime())
    print(time_mow)
    df['时间'] = [time_mow] * df.shape[0]
    df['排名'] = df['序号'].apply(int)
    df['标题'] = df['关键词'].str.split(' ', expand=True)[0]
    df['热度'] = df['关键词'].str.split(' ', expand=True)[1]
    df = df[['时间','排名','标题','热度']]
    print(df.head())

定时间隔设置1S，效果：

3.3 保存数据 

df.to_csv('weibo_hot_datas.csv', mode='a+', index=False, header=csv_header)

结果：

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