Linux is the name of an operating system, which is widely used in the fields of computer and Internet technology. The design goal of this open source operating system is to provide a stable, efficient, and secure computing environment that can run on a variety of hardware platforms. The success of Linux is due to its unique open source model. Open source means that the source code of Linux is public and anyone can view, modify and publish it. This openness makes Linux highly flexible and customizable, making it suitable for a variety of different uses and needs.
The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 10 system, Dell G3 computer.
Linux is the name of an operating system, which is widely used in the fields of computer and Internet technology. The design goal of this open source operating system is to provide a stable, efficient, and secure computing environment that can run on a variety of hardware platforms.
The development of Linux originated in the early 1990s and was developed by Linus Torvalds of Finland. He initially released a kernel for personal computers, the main core of the operating system, which was named Linux. This kernel quickly aroused the interest and joint development of many people, forming a large open source community. This community continues to promote the development of Linux by contributing code, reporting bugs, and providing suggestions for improvements.
The success of Linux is due to its unique open source model. Open source means that the source code of Linux is public and can be viewed, modified and published by anyone. This openness makes Linux highly flexible and customizable, making it suitable for a variety of different uses and needs. Many large companies and organizations, such as Amazon, Google, IBM, and the U.S. Department of Defense, are using Linux as their server and host operating systems.
One of the advantages of Linux is its stability and security. Thanks to the extensive participation and code review of the open source community, any vulnerabilities and security issues are often discovered and fixed promptly. In addition, Linux also enjoys good reliability and stability, and can continue to run for long periods of time without frequent reboots.
Another important advantage is the efficiency and performance of Linux. Linux is optimized for server and high-performance computing environments, making full use of hardware resources to provide excellent performance and throughput. In addition, Linux also supports multitasking and multi-user environments, which can handle multiple tasks at the same time and provide services to multiple users.
Linux is also known for its open support and extensive software ecosystem. The open source community provides a large number of open source software and tools, covering a variety of applications and fields. This means users can choose software that suits their needs and can modify and customize it as needed.
In short, Linux, as an open source operating system, plays a huge role in the fields of computer and Internet technology. Its stability, security, efficiency, and customizability make Linux the first choice for many server and cloud computing environments. Through the continuous efforts and innovation of the open source community, Linux will continue to develop and improve, providing better solutions for our computing needs.
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Indispensable commands in Linux include: 1.ls: list directory contents; 2.cd: change working directory; 3.mkdir: create a new directory; 4.rm: delete file or directory; 5.cp: copy file or directory; 6.mv: move or rename file or directory. These commands help users manage files and systems efficiently by interacting with the kernel.

In Linux, file and directory management uses ls, cd, mkdir, rm, cp, mv commands, and permission management uses chmod, chown, and chgrp commands. 1. File and directory management commands such as ls-l list detailed information, mkdir-p recursively create directories. 2. Permission management commands such as chmod755file set file permissions, chownuserfile changes file owner, and chgrpgroupfile changes file group. These commands are based on file system structure and user and group systems, and operate and control through system calls and metadata.

MaintenanceModeinLinuxisaspecialbootenvironmentforcriticalsystemmaintenancetasks.Itallowsadministratorstoperformtaskslikeresettingpasswords,repairingfilesystems,andrecoveringfrombootfailuresinaminimalenvironment.ToenterMaintenanceMode,interrupttheboo

The core components of Linux include kernel, file system, shell, user and kernel space, device drivers, and performance optimization and best practices. 1) The kernel is the core of the system, managing hardware, memory and processes. 2) The file system organizes data and supports multiple types such as ext4, Btrfs and XFS. 3) Shell is the command center for users to interact with the system and supports scripting. 4) Separate user space from kernel space to ensure system stability. 5) The device driver connects the hardware to the operating system. 6) Performance optimization includes tuning system configuration and following best practices.

The five basic components of the Linux system are: 1. Kernel, 2. System library, 3. System utilities, 4. Graphical user interface, 5. Applications. The kernel manages hardware resources, the system library provides precompiled functions, system utilities are used for system management, the GUI provides visual interaction, and applications use these components to implement functions.

Linux maintenance mode can be entered through the GRUB menu. The specific steps are: 1) Select the kernel in the GRUB menu and press 'e' to edit, 2) Add 'single' or '1' at the end of the 'linux' line, 3) Press Ctrl X to start. Maintenance mode provides a secure environment for tasks such as system repair, password reset and system upgrade.

The steps to enter Linux recovery mode are: 1. Restart the system and press the specific key to enter the GRUB menu; 2. Select the option with (recoverymode); 3. Select the operation in the recovery mode menu, such as fsck or root. Recovery mode allows you to start the system in single-user mode, perform file system checks and repairs, edit configuration files, and other operations to help solve system problems.

The core components of Linux include the kernel, file system, shell and common tools. 1. The kernel manages hardware resources and provides basic services. 2. The file system organizes and stores data. 3. Shell is the interface for users to interact with the system. 4. Common tools help complete daily tasks.


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