How to achieve reasonable splitting and modular organization of requests in FastAPI

How to achieve reasonable splitting and modular organization of requests in FastAPI

Introduction:
FastAPI is a high-performance web framework based on Python, which provides asynchronous support and automated API document generation , so when developing large projects, we need to consider how to reasonably split and modularize requests. This article will introduce a method to achieve reasonable splitting and modular organization of requests in FastAPI, and give corresponding code examples.

1. Why we need reasonable splitting and modular organization of requests
As the scale of the project increases, the number and complexity of the API will also increase. If all request processing functions are written in one file, the code will be lengthy, poorly readable, and difficult to maintain. In addition, if a request involves the operation of multiple database tables, the logic can be separated through reasonable splitting to reduce coupling.

2. How to reasonably split and modularize requests

1. Create an app folder to store all request processing functions.
2. In the app folder, create a file named main.py to define the FastAPI application instance app.
   main.py sample code is as follows:

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()

# 引入其他模块中的路由
from app import module1, module2
app.include_router(module1.router)
app.include_router(module2.router)

3. In the app folder, create multiple modular files to store the corresponding request processing functions.
   Taking module1.py as an example, the sample code is as follows:

from fastapi import APIRouter

router = APIRouter()

@router.get("/api/module1/")
def module1_handler():
    return {"message": "This is module 1."}

4. In each modular file, further splitting can be performed according to requirements.
   Taking module2.py as an example, the sample code is as follows:

from fastapi import APIRouter

router = APIRouter()

@router.get("/api/module2/")
def module2_handler():
    return {"message": "This is module 2."}

@router.get("/api/module2/{id}")
def module2_detail_handler(id: int):
    return {"message": f"This is detail page of module 2 with id {id}."}

5. Finally, introduce modular files and add routes in the main file main.py.

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()

from app import module1, module2
app.include_router(module1.router)
app.include_router(module2.router)

3. Summary
By reasonably splitting and modularizing requests, the code structure can be made clearer, logical separation can be achieved, and the readability and maintainability of the code can be improved. In FastAPI, we can use APIRouter to create modular routes and add them to the application through app.include_router(). This approach can help us better organize and manage request processing functions.

Reference materials:
https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/bigger-applications/

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