How to undo a commit in git

How to undo a submitted commit in git: 1. Modify the content of the last commit. If you find that there is an error in the last commit, you can use the "git commit --amend" command to modify it; 2. Undo For changes in a certain commit, if you need to completely undo a commit and its corresponding changes, you can use the "git revert" command; 3. If you need to completely roll back to the state before a certain commit, you can use the "git reset" command.

Git is a powerful version control system that provides many functions to help developers effectively manage and control code changes. One of the important functions is to undo the submitted commit. When we accidentally commit the wrong code or need to undo a previous commit, Git provides several methods to perform the undo operation.

1. Modify the content of the last commit

If we find that there is wrong content in the last commit, we can use the git commit --amend command to modify it.

The steps are as follows:

1. First use the git log command to view the recent commit records and find the hash value of the commit that needs to be modified, such as "commit1".

2. Enter git rebase -i commit1~1 to call the interactive rebase editor.

3. In the editor, change the commit that needs to be modified to "edit", save and exit the editor.

4. Use the git commit --amend command to modify the last commit, such as fixing erroneous code.

5. Use the git rebase --continue command to continue the rebase operation.

6. Finally, use the git push command to push the modified commit to the remote warehouse.

This method is relatively simple, but it should be noted that for commits that have been pushed to the remote warehouse, we should modify them carefully to avoid causing other people's code conflicts.

2. Undo the changes of a commit

If we need to completely undo a commit and its corresponding changes, we can use the git revert command.

The steps are as follows:

1. Use the git log command to view the commit history and find the hash value of the commit that needs to be revoked, such as "commit2".

2. Enter git revert commit2 to undo the commit and its corresponding changes.

3. Git will automatically create a new commit to record the reversed changes. You can use the git log command to view the commit history after revocation.

4. Finally, use the git push command to push the revoked commit to the remote repository.

This method is relatively safe because it retains previous commit records and does not damage other people's code bases.

3. Roll back to the previous commit state

If we need to completely roll back to the state before a certain commit, we can use the git reset command.

The steps are as follows:

1. Use the git log command to view the commit history and find the hash value of the commit that needs to be rolled back to, such as "commit3".

2. Enter git reset commit3 to return to the state before the commit.

3. Git will point the current branch pointer to the specified commit, but subsequent commits will be discarded.

4. Finally, use the git push -f command to force the rolled-back state to the remote warehouse.

It should be noted that using the git reset command to roll back a commit will cause subsequent commits to be lost and may cause problems in other people's code bases, so you should communicate and coordinate with team members before using it.

Summary:

Undoing a submitted commit is one of the common operations in Git. In the case of incorrect submission or the need to repair previous code changes, We can use the git commit --amend command to modify the content of the last commit, use the git revert command to undo changes to a commit, or use the git reset command to roll back to the previous commit state. Choose the appropriate method based on the specific situation to ensure the integrity and stability of the code base

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