How to Optimize and Adjust CPU Usage in Linux Systems

How to optimize and adjust the CPU usage of Linux systems

Abstract:
This article will introduce how to optimize and adjust the CPU usage of Linux systems. First, we'll discuss how to monitor and identify issues with high CPU usage. Then, we'll introduce some common optimization methods, including reducing system load and adjusting CPU scheduling strategies. Finally, we'll explore how to use performance tuning tools for more in-depth CPU performance tuning.

1. Monitor and identify the problem of excessive CPU usage
First, we need to find out which processes in the system occupy excessive CPU resources. You can use some system tools such as top, htop or ps command to monitor CPU usage. In top or htop, you can press shift P to sort processes based on CPU usage. You can also view the CPU usage of a process using the ps command. Through these tools, we can quickly locate processes that occupy excessive CPU resources.

2. Reduce system load
Reducing system load is one of the effective ways to reduce CPU usage. This can be achieved through the following methods:

1. Close unnecessary services and processes: In Linux systems, some services and processes are enabled by default, but not all of them may be necessary. . By shutting down unnecessary services and processes, you can free up valuable CPU resources.
2. Optimize code and algorithms: If you are a developer, focusing on the optimization of code and algorithms will also have a positive impact on CPU usage.
3. Spread the load: Spreading the load across multiple servers or virtual machines can reduce the CPU load on a single server.

3. Adjust the CPU scheduling policy
The default scheduler used by the Linux system is CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler), which ensures that each process gets fair CPU time within a period of time. However, in some cases, we may need to adjust the CPU scheduling policy to improve the performance of a specific application. The following are some methods to adjust the CPU scheduling policy:

1. Set real-time priority for important processes: Use the nice or renice command to set different real-time priorities for processes to ensure that important processes can get more of CPU time.
2. Choose the appropriate scheduler: Linux systems have a variety of schedulers to choose from, such as deadline, cfq, and noop. Choosing an appropriate scheduler according to different application scenarios and needs can improve CPU performance.

4. Use performance tuning tools
When optimizing and adjusting the CPU usage of a Linux system, using performance tuning tools can provide more in-depth and detailed information. The following are some commonly used performance tuning tools:

1. perf: A powerful performance analysis tool that can be used to detect CPU usage, function call chains, cache hit rates, etc.
2. sysstat: A system performance data collection tool that can monitor CPU usage, memory usage, I/O load, etc.
3. dstat: A real-time system monitoring tool that can provide information about CPU usage, memory, disk, network, etc.

Conclusion:
Optimizing and adjusting the CPU usage of the Linux system is the key to ensuring that the system runs efficiently. By monitoring and identifying processes with high CPU usage, reducing system load, adjusting CPU scheduling policies, and using performance tuning tools, the overall performance and stability of the system can be improved. I hope this article will help you optimize and adjust the CPU usage of your Linux system.

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