How to use Phpt for unit testing in PHP

In modern development, unit testing has become a necessary step. It can be used to ensure that your code behaves as expected and that bugs can be fixed at any time. In PHP development, Phpt is a very popular unit testing tool, which is very convenient to write and execute unit tests. In this article, we will explore how to use Phpt for unit testing.

1. What is Phpt

Phpt is a simple but powerful unit testing tool, which is part of PHP testing. Phpt test cases are a series of PHP source code snippets that contain input, expected output, and PHP commands. They can test a function, a class, or any other component of a module. Phpt test cases can be executed on any machine and can be composed into regression test suites to ensure that your code is stable and reliable.

2. How to write Phpt test cases

Writing Phpt test cases is very simple. You only need to write a text file and then put it into the extended tests directory. The naming convention for test case files is extensionname_test.c, where extensionname is the name of your extension. Then, edit some elements in the test case:

1. --TEST--: The name of the test case.
2. --DESCRIPTION--: Description of the test case.
3. --FILE--: The file name (.php) containing the test code.
4. --EXPECT--: expected output.
5. --SKIPIF--: Optional Boolean expression, if true, skip the test.

The following is an example of a simple Phpt test case:

--TEST--
Testing myFunction
--DESCRIPTION--
This test case will test the myFunction in myExtension.
--FILE--
86d867266cf9d517222ff1e7601cef96
--EXPECT--
string(11)"hello world"

3. How to run Phpt test cases

Before using Phpt test cases, you first need to ensure that PHP has enabled the inclusion extension, and the directory is extension _tests/. It can be enabled by adding the following line in the php.ini file:

extension=phar.so
include_path=".:/path/to/extension_tests/"

Then, you can Use the following command on the command line to run Phpt test cases:

$ make test TESTS=path/to/extension_tests/

You can also run the following command in the "tests" directory of the extension directory :

$ ./run-tests.php /path/to/extension_tests/

Phpt test set can also be run as a file:

$ php path/to /phpunit.phar --configuration path/to/config.xml

4. Some practical usages in Phpt testing

1. --SKIPIF--Usage

When a test needs to run under certain conditions, you can use the --SKIPIF-- element to skip them. For example, suppose your test requires the use of the cURL extension. If this extension is not enabled, you can use the following code to ignore the test:

--TEST--
Test myCurlFunction
--DESCRIPTION- -
This test case tests myCurlFunction when cURL extension is enabled.
--SKIPIF--
ba4dfed9a3f071b26fdf5467220e3826
--FILE--
674d27c0b30020778c92c0418dc14592
--EXPECT--
// expected output here

2. Detecting memory leaks with Phpt testing

When testing for memory leaks, you need a way to monitor the amount of memory used by the PHP process. Phpt provides the --RUSAGE-- element to detect the resource usage consumed by the PHP process. The following is an example of a Phpt test case:

--TEST--
PHPUnit_MemoryLeak_Test
--INI--
memory_limit=8M
--RUSAGE--
- -FILE--
239254c962e67d7c7ca216e2243fec9b
--EXPECTF--
Warning: memory allocated using %d bytes on your script
Warning: memory peak usage is: %s

The above example will test consumption Whether the amount of memory is as expected and a warning message is output.

5. Conclusion

Phpt test is a very powerful and flexible unit testing tool in PHP. When using Phpt, you need to pay attention to some conventions and rules, and keep your test cases concise, standard, and fully covered. With Phpt testing, you can ensure that your PHP code always remains healthy and stable.

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