Database master-slave replication architecture optimization practice in PHP programming

With the continuous growth of Internet applications and data volume, the database access load is increasing. In order to improve the performance and availability of the database, the database master-slave replication architecture came into being. The optimization practice of database master-slave replication architecture in PHP programming aims to improve the load balancing, fault recovery capability and data consistency of the database. The following are the specific practical steps.

1. Introduction to MySQL master-slave replication architecture
MySQL master-slave replication refers to an architecture that automatically and synchronously replicates data on one MySQL master database to multiple MySQL slave databases. The master library accepts all write operations and read operations, while the slave library can only be used to read data. In master-slave replication, the master database is the only one that can perform write operations such as INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE, while the slave database can only perform read operations such as SELECT. When the main database fails, the slave database can take over the work of the main database to achieve high availability.

2. Master-slave replication architecture optimization strategy
1. Read and write separation

After building the master-slave replication architecture, read requests can be distributed to the slave library, and write requests can be sent to the master library , to achieve the effect of separation of reading and writing. This can reduce the load on the main library and improve system performance.

2. Load balancing

Through load balancing, requests can be evenly distributed to multiple slave libraries to achieve load balancing and improve system performance and availability.

3. Automatic failover

In the master-slave replication architecture, automatic failover is very important. When the master database fails, the system will automatically take over the work of the master database from the slave database. This ensures service availability. It should be noted that data consistency needs to be processed during automatic failover to avoid data loss or errors.

3. Master-slave replication practice in PHP programming
1. Connect the master-slave database

In PHP programming, you can use the mysql_connect() function to connect to the master database, and use mysql_connect _read( ) function connects from the database. For SELECT requests, you can use the connection from the slave library, while for write operations such as INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE, you need to use the connection from the main library.

2. Read-write separation implementation

In PHP programming, you can use the mysqli_master_query() function in the mysqli extension. Use this function to connect to the main library for write operations, and during read operations You can use the mysqli_slave_query() function to connect to the slave library for operations. This can achieve the effect of separation of reading and writing.

3. Load balancing implementation

In PHP programming, you can use polling algorithm or weight algorithm to achieve load balancing. The polling algorithm refers to allocating requests to each slave database in sequence, while the weight algorithm refers to allocating requests according to the load of the slave database to achieve load balancing.

4. Automatic failover implementation

In PHP programming, you can set the priority and delay of the slave library. When the main library fails, you can automatically elect a slave library as the main library, and Modify the priority of other slave libraries to 0 and the priority of the new master library to 1. At the same time, we need to pay attention to the issue of data synchronization. We need to ensure that the data on the new main database is synchronized with the data on the old main database.

In summary, the practice of optimizing the master-slave replication architecture of the database is one of the important means to improve database performance and availability. In PHP programming, the master-slave replication architecture of the database can be optimized through strategies such as read-write separation, load balancing, and automatic failover to meet the high performance and high availability requirements of Internet applications.

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