Detailed explanation of anti-hotlink and hotlink protection in Gin framework

The Gin framework is a popular Go language framework for building web applications. With the development of the Internet, anti-hotlink and hotlink protection have become necessary features in web application development. In this article, we will introduce in detail how to implement anti-hotlink and hotlink protection in the Gin framework.

What are anti-hotlinking and hotlinking?

Anti-hotlinking and hotlinking refer to the behavior of resources accessed through a website being directly linked to other websites without permission. This behavior is called hotlinking or hotlinking. Hot links and hot links will bring unnecessary traffic and bandwidth burden to the website, and may cause some sensitive information to be leaked.

In web applications, we need to protect images, audio, video and other resources against hot links and hot links to ensure that these resources can only be accessed by authorized users.

Anti-hotlink and hot-link protection in the Gin framework

The Gin framework provides multiple ways to implement anti-hotlink and hot-link protection. Below we will introduce three of the methods: HTTP header-based, Referer-based and signature-based.

1. Based on HTTP headers

In HTTP requests, Referer and User-Agent are two HTTP header fields that can be used to identify the source and user agent of the request. . We can determine whether it is an authorized request by checking these two header fields. If the request does not meet the requirements, we can return an error code or redirect to another page.

The following is a sample code for anti-hotlink and hotlink protection based on HTTP headers:

func imageHandler(c *gin.Context) {
    referer := c.Request.Header.Get("Referer")
    useragent := c.Request.Header.Get("User-Agent")

    if referer != "http://example.com" || useragent == "" {
        c.String(http.StatusForbidden, "Access Denied")
        return
    }

    // TODO: 处理图片逻辑
}

In this example, we check the Referer and User-Agent header fields. If the Referer is not "http://example.com" or the User-Agent is empty, HTTP status code 403 Forbidden will be returned, otherwise the image logic will continue to be processed.

2. Based on Referer

Referer is one of the HTTP header fields used to identify the source of the request. We can check the Referer header to determine whether it is an authorized request. However, it should be noted that the Referer header can be forged. Therefore, this method is not very safe.

The following is a sample code for Referer-based anti-hotlink and hot-link protection:

func imageHandler(c *gin.Context) {
    referer := c.Request.Header.Get("Referer")

    if !strings.HasPrefix(referer, "http://example.com") {
        c.String(http.StatusForbidden, "Access Denied")
        return
    }

    // TODO: 处理图片逻辑
}

In this example, we check the Referer header. If the Referer does not end with "http:// example.com", the HTTP status code 403 Forbidden will be returned, otherwise the image logic will continue to be processed.

3. Signature-based

Signature-based anti-hotlink and hot-link protection is a more secure method. In this approach, we generate a unique signature (e.g. MD5) for each authorized user and add this signature to the URL as a parameter to send to the client. When a request arrives at the server, we verify the signature in the URL to ensure that the source of the request is legitimate.

The following is a sample code for signature-based anti-hotlink and hotlink protection:

func imageHandler(c *gin.Context) {
    sign := c.Query("sign")

    if sign == "" || !checkSign(sign) {
        c.String(http.StatusForbidden, "Access Denied")
        return
    }

    // TODO: 处理图片逻辑
}

func checkSign(sign string) bool {
    // TODO: 对签名进行校验，确保签名合法
}

In this example, we extract the signature from the URL parameter and call the checkSign function to verify the signature. test. If the signature is illegal, HTTP status code 403 Forbidden will be returned, otherwise the image logic will continue to be processed.

Summary

Anti-hotlink and hot-link protection are very important functions in web applications, which can effectively protect the security and stability of the application. In the Gin framework, we can implement anti-hotlink and hotlink protection in a variety of ways. By choosing the right approach, we can provide more security for our applications.

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