Solution to PHP Fatal error: Call to undefined function mysql_escape_string()

With the popularity of the Internet, PHP language is a widely used programming language, and many websites and applications are designed and developed using it. However, during the PHP development process, we often encounter problems, one of which is the error message "PHP Fatal error: Call to undefined function mysql_escape_string()" when using the mysql_escape_string() function.

This error message means that the mysql_escape_string() function cannot be recognized or used in the current PHP version. So, how to solve this problem?

1. Update PHP version

Since the mysql_escape_string() function is used in PHP 5.5 or earlier, it may not work in PHP 5.6 and above This error occurs. Therefore, updating the PHP version is the best way to solve the problem. You can update your PHP version through the following command:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install php5.6

After running the above command, you can install PHP 5.6 version in the current system, and then use the mysql_escape_string() function to solve this problem.

2. Use the mysqli_escape_string() function instead

If you do not want to upgrade the PHP version, you can use the mysqli_escape_string() function to replace the mysql_escape_string() function. Because the function of the mysqli_escape_string() function is similar to the mysql_escape_string() function, both prevent SQL injection attacks and are more secure. The following is an example of using the mysqli_escape_string() function:

$username = mysqli_real_escape_string($conn, $_POST['username'];
$password = mysqli_real_escape_string($conn, $_POST['password']);
$email = mysqli_real_escape_string($conn, $_POST['email']);

Among them, $conn is the variable connecting to the database, and $_POST is the array type parameter passed by POST. By writing SQL statements through the mysqli_escape_string() function, you can effectively prevent SQL injection attacks and escape special characters in the database.

3. Use PDO or other ORM framework

Finally, you can also use PDO or other ORM framework (such as Laravel) to solve this problem. PDO is a database access abstraction layer provided by PHP, which allows us to operate the database more conveniently, thereby reducing the possibility of developers making mistakes. The following is a sample code for a PDO:

$username = $_POST['username'];
$password = $_POST['password'];
$email = $_POST['email'];

$stmt = $pdo->prepare("INSERT INTO users (username, password, email) VALUES (:username, :password, :email)");
$stmt->bindParam(':username', $username);
$stmt->bindParam(':password', $password);
$stmt->bindParam(':email', $email);

$stmt->execute();

By using PDO objects, you can safely write SQL statements to avoid this error.

To sum up, the above three methods can help you solve the "PHP Fatal error: Call to undefined function mysql_escape_string()" error, and can also help you improve the security and maintainability of your code. If you encounter this error message, please try the above methods to solve the problem.

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