Remote Procedure Call (RPC) in PHP and its implementation method

With the rapid development of the Internet and the continuous expansion of application scenarios, language-based communication technology is becoming more and more widely used. One of the most important technologies is remote procedure call (RPC). This article will introduce the concept of RPC and its implementation in PHP.

1. The concept of RPC

Remote Procedure Call (RPC) is a technology for inter-program communication on the network. The client can call remote functions just like calling local functions and get the corresponding return value. Its essence is to process a function call request on another computer, and then return the result to the calling end, so that the calling end does not feel the existence of the network.

2. RPC implementation

1. Traditional RPC

The traditional RPC implementation relies on an intermediate server, which acts as a client and Bridge between servers. The client and the server communicate through this intermediate server. When the client calls a function on the server, it will package the function name, parameters and other information into a network data packet and send it to the server through the network. After receiving the data, the server unpacks the data, calls the corresponding function, and repackages the return value and sends it to the client.

Common traditional RPC implementation methods include CORBA, Java RMI, .Net Remoting, etc.

2. HTTP-based RPC

The HTTP-based RPC implementation is improved on the basis of traditional RPC. This method makes full use of the advantages of the HTTP protocol and realizes the function without protocol conversion. That is, the RPC protocol can run directly on the HTTP protocol, avoiding some tedious configuration and programming work.

Common HTTP-based RPC implementation methods include XML-RPC, JSON-RPC, etc.

3. RESTful Web Service

RESTful Web Service is another common implementation method. It is not just a package of functions like RPC, but maps server resources to URLs. The client accesses server resources through HTTP requests specifying URLs. The server determines which resource to operate based on the requested URL and HTTP method (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc.). The returned results are generally data in XML or JSON format.

3. RPC implementation in PHP

There are many lightweight RPC libraries in PHP, among which the more commonly used ones are:

1. XML-RPC library

This library uses the XML-RPC protocol to implement communication between the client and the server. In PHP, this library has been integrated into the extension library and can be used directly.

Client usage:

$c = xmlrpc_client('http://www.haha.com/RPC');
$params = array(
    new xmlrpcval('param1', 'string'),
    new xmlrpcval('param2', 'string')
);
$msg = new xmlrpcmsg('server_method', $params);
$res = $c->send($msg);
$value = $res->value();
echo $value->scalarval();

Server usage:

$server = xmlrpc_server_create();
xmlrpc_server_register_method($server, 'server_method', 'server_function');
$request = file_get_contents('php://input');
$response = xmlrpc_server_call_method($server, $request, null);
header('Content-Type: text/xml');
echo $response;

2. JSON-RPC library

This library uses JSON -RPC protocol implements communication between client and server. In PHP, you can use the php-json-rpc library.

Client usage method:

$client = LixingxingJsonRpcClient::create('http://localhost:8080/RPC');
$value = $client->call('server_method', ['param1', 'param2']);
echo $value; 

Server usage method:

use LixingxingJsonRpcServer;

class RpcImpl
{
    public function server_method($param1, $param2)
    {
        return 'Hello world!';
    }
}

$server = new Server();
$server->addService('RpcImpl');
$response = $server->execute();
echo $response;

4. Summary

RPC technology is a very important distributed application Communication technology allows different applications to call each other. In PHP, you can choose to use traditional RPC, HTTP-based RPC, RESTful Web Service, etc. to implement RPC. Which method to choose depends on the actual application scenario. In addition, in PHP, there are many RPC libraries available that can easily implement RPC functions.

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