实现代码:
/** * PHP 非递归实现查询该目录下所有文件 * @param unknown $dir * @return multitype:|multitype:string */ function scanfiles($dir) { if (! is_dir ( $dir )) return array (); // 兼容各操作系统 $dir = rtrim ( str_replace ( '\\', '/', $dir ), '/' ) . '/'; // 栈,默认值为传入的目录 $dirs = array ( $dir ); // 放置所有文件的容器 $rt = array (); do { // 弹栈 $dir = array_pop ( $dirs ); // 扫描该目录 $tmp = scandir ( $dir ); foreach ( $tmp as $f ) { // 过滤. .. if ($f == '.' || $f == '..') continue; // 组合当前绝对路径 $path = $dir . $f; // 如果是目录,压栈。 if (is_dir ( $path )) { array_push ( $dirs, $path . '/' ); } else if (is_file ( $path )) { // 如果是文件,放入容器中 $rt [] = $path; } } } while ( $dirs ); // 直到栈中没有目录 return $rt; }
附另一篇:不用递归遍历目录下的文件
如果要遍历某个目录下的所有文件(包括子目录),最首先想到的思路就是用递归:先处理当前目录,再处理当前目录下的子目录。不用递归可不可以呢?以前学数据结构的时候看到过,递归其实是利用堆栈来实现的,递归的特点就是不断的调用自身,最后一次的调用是最先执行完的,倒数第二次调用是其次执行完的,依次类推,最初的调用是最后执行完的。如果理解了递归的原理,其实就可以把所有用递归的实现转化为非递归的实现。
用非递归方式遍历某个目录下的所有文件,思路主要分三步:
1. 创建一个数组,将要遍历的这个目录放入;(其实就是创建了一个栈)
2. 循环处理这个数组,循环结束的条件是数组为空;
3. 每次循环,处理数组中的一个元素,并将元素删除,如果这个元素是目录,则将目录下所有的子元素加入数组;
按照这种思路写出的代码如下:
/** * 遍历某个目录下的所有文件 * @param string $dir */ function scanAll($dir) { $list = array(); $list[] = $dir; while (count($list) > 0) { //弹出数组最后一个元素 $file = array_pop($list); //处理当前文件 echo $file."\r\n"; //如果是目录 if (is_dir($file)) { $children = scandir($file); foreach ($children as $child) { if ($child !== '.' && $child !== '..') { $list[] = $file.'/'.$child; } } } } }
这里我并没有认为递归有多大的缺点,事实上很多情况下,用递归来设计还是非常简洁可读的,至于效率问题,除非在递归深度特别大的时候,才会有影响。
以下是用递归的实现,作为对比:
/** * 遍历某个目录下的所有文件(递归实现) * @param string $dir */ function scanAll2($dir) { echo $dir."\r\n"; if (is_dir($dir)) { $children = scandir($dir); foreach ($children as $child) { if ($child !== '.' && $child !== '..') { scanAll2($dir.'/'.$child); } } } }
运行发现,两个函数的结果略有不同,主要表现在打印的顺序上。函数一运行结果的顺序是倒着的,是因为压栈的顺序正好和scandir出来的顺序相反了,可以将第21行改一下:
$children = array_reverse(scandir($file));
这样出来结果就完全相同了。

PHP is used to build dynamic websites, and its core functions include: 1. Generate dynamic content and generate web pages in real time by connecting with the database; 2. Process user interaction and form submissions, verify inputs and respond to operations; 3. Manage sessions and user authentication to provide a personalized experience; 4. Optimize performance and follow best practices to improve website efficiency and security.

PHP uses MySQLi and PDO extensions to interact in database operations and server-side logic processing, and processes server-side logic through functions such as session management. 1) Use MySQLi or PDO to connect to the database and execute SQL queries. 2) Handle HTTP requests and user status through session management and other functions. 3) Use transactions to ensure the atomicity of database operations. 4) Prevent SQL injection, use exception handling and closing connections for debugging. 5) Optimize performance through indexing and cache, write highly readable code and perform error handling.

Using preprocessing statements and PDO in PHP can effectively prevent SQL injection attacks. 1) Use PDO to connect to the database and set the error mode. 2) Create preprocessing statements through the prepare method and pass data using placeholders and execute methods. 3) Process query results and ensure the security and performance of the code.

PHP and Python have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice depends on project needs and personal preferences. 1.PHP is suitable for rapid development and maintenance of large-scale web applications. 2. Python dominates the field of data science and machine learning.

PHP is widely used in e-commerce, content management systems and API development. 1) E-commerce: used for shopping cart function and payment processing. 2) Content management system: used for dynamic content generation and user management. 3) API development: used for RESTful API development and API security. Through performance optimization and best practices, the efficiency and maintainability of PHP applications are improved.

PHP makes it easy to create interactive web content. 1) Dynamically generate content by embedding HTML and display it in real time based on user input or database data. 2) Process form submission and generate dynamic output to ensure that htmlspecialchars is used to prevent XSS. 3) Use MySQL to create a user registration system, and use password_hash and preprocessing statements to enhance security. Mastering these techniques will improve the efficiency of web development.

PHP and Python each have their own advantages, and choose according to project requirements. 1.PHP is suitable for web development, especially for rapid development and maintenance of websites. 2. Python is suitable for data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence, with concise syntax and suitable for beginners.

PHP is still dynamic and still occupies an important position in the field of modern programming. 1) PHP's simplicity and powerful community support make it widely used in web development; 2) Its flexibility and stability make it outstanding in handling web forms, database operations and file processing; 3) PHP is constantly evolving and optimizing, suitable for beginners and experienced developers.


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