Detailed explanation of the application of Redis in PHP

Redis is a high-performance key-value storage system that is widely used in scenarios such as distributed caching, message queues, and real-time statistics. PHP is a widely used scripting language and occupies an important position in the field of web development. Due to the efficiency of Redis and the popularity of PHP, many excellent applications can be implemented by combining Redis with PHP. This article will introduce the application of Redis in PHP in detail and provide some sample code to help readers better understand.

1. Environment preparation
Before using Redis, we need to install and configure Redis and PHP extensions. The following is the installation method based on Ubuntu system:

1. Install Redis

sudo apt-get install redis-server

2. Install PHP extension
   Can be installed through source code, as shown below:

git clone https://github.com/phpredis/phpredis.git
cd phpredis
phpize
./ configure
make && make install

You can also use PECL to install:

pecl install redis

After the installation is completed, you need to add the extended configuration in php.ini ：

extension=redis.so

2. Basic use of Redis
The following are some basic commands and usage methods of Redis:

1. Connect to Redis

To connect to Redis, you need to use the connect method of the Redis class and pass in the IP and port number of the Redis service.

$redis = new Redis();
$redis->connect('127.0.0.1', 6379);

2. Storage data

You can use the set method of Redis to set the key-value pair, as shown below:

$redis->set('name', 'Tom');

You can also use mset Method to set multiple key-value pairs:

$redis->mset(array('name' => 'Tom', 'age' => '18'));

3. Get data

You can use the get method of Redis to get the value corresponding to a key, as shown below:

$name = $redis->get(' name');

You can also use the mget method to obtain the values ​​corresponding to multiple keys:

$result = $redis->mget(array('name', 'age')) ;

4. Delete data

You can use Redis’s del method to delete the value corresponding to a key, as shown below:

$redis-> del('name');

You can also use the unlink method to delete values ​​corresponding to multiple keys:

$redis->unlink(array('name', 'age')) ;

3. Application of Redis in PHP

1. Cache

As an efficient memory cache, Redis can greatly improve the performance of Web applications. . Here is some sample code for Redis as a cache in PHP.

1.1. Storing Page cache data

It is very simple to use Redis to store Page cache data in your own framework. You can implement set, get, flush and other methods in a class as needed, and then call them where the Page cache needs to be stored through the following code:

$redis_cache = new RedisCache();
if(!$ redis_cache->get($cache_key)){

// 数据未存储在Redis中，需要从数据库中获取数据
$data = $db->query('SELECT * FROM user where id = 1');
$redis_cache->set($cache_key, $data);

}
else{

// 数据已经存储在Redis中，直接从Redis中获取数据
$data = $redis_cache->get($cache_key);

}

1.2. Store Session data

For For a highly concurrent web application, storing session data is a very important issue. When using the Session mechanism that comes with PHP, a lot of IO operations will be generated, resulting in a decrease in the performance of the web application. Using Redis as the backend of Session storage can effectively improve the performance of web applications. The following is sample code on how to use Redis as Session storage in PHP.

// Call the following code to set the Session during the initialization phase of the website:
session_name('PHPSESSID'); // Set the Session name
ini_set('session.save_handler', 'redis') ; //Set Session storage method
ini_set('session.save_path', 'tcp://127.0.0.1:6379'); //Set Session storage path

2. Message queue

Redis' multiple data structures can be used to implement message queues. Message queue is an asynchronous communication mechanism that can decouple the real-time nature of the sender and receiver. When a sender sends a message, the message is put into the queue according to some rules of the message queue. The receiver can obtain messages from the queue and process them at any time according to its own needs. The following is sample code on how to implement a message queue using Redis in PHP.

//Sender code
$message = 'hello world';
$redis->lpush('message_queue', $message); // Write the message to the message queue

//Receiver code
$messages = $redis->brpop('message_queue', 0); // Get messages from the queue
$message = $messages[1];

3. Real-time statistics

Redis can be used to store and count real-time data, such as the PV and UV of the page. The following is sample code on how to use Redis in PHP to implement real-time statistics.

// PV statistics code
$redis->incr('page_view'); // Counter 1
$page_views = $redis->get('page_view'); // Get the current number of visits

//UV statistics code
$user_id = $_COOKIE['user_id'];
$redis->sadd('user_view_set', $user_id); // Will Add users to the set
$user_views = $redis->scard('user_view_set'); // Get the current number of unique visitors

4. Summary
The use of Redis in PHP is very flexible and can be used to implement many excellent applications. When using Redis, you need to understand the basic commands and data structures of Redis, and make choices based on specific application scenarios. At the same time, when using PHP extensions, you need to pay attention to the process of installing and configuring the extension to avoid problems.

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