Post-validation of data operations in MySQL database using Go language

With the rapid development of the Internet and the popularity of cloud computing, large-scale data processing has become an increasingly important topic. As a mature relational database, MySQL database plays an important role in data storage and data processing.

For some complex business scenarios, we need to perform some additional processing on database operations. This operation is called "post-validation". This article mainly introduces how to use some tools to perform post-verification of MySQL database data operations in the Go language.

1. Verification Overview

Post-validation can verify the returned results after the database data operation is completed to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data. It can be divided into the following aspects:

1. Data type verification
   For example: Verify whether the input data type meets the requirements of the fields in the database. If it does not meet the requirements, the user will be prompted to re-enter or thrown away. Exception occurred.
2. Constraint verification
   For example: for the data you want to insert, determine whether it satisfies the FOREIGN KEY, UNIQUE, CHECK, NOT NULL and other constraint conditions in the table. If not, the user will be prompted to modify or throw it away. Exception occurred.
3. Integrity Check
   For example: Determine whether the data to be modified or deleted exists. If it does not exist, prompt the user or throw an exception.
4. Security Verification
   For example: For operations that require administrator rights, verify whether the current user has the authority to perform the operation. If not, prompt the user or throw an exception.

2. Post-validation of data operations using Go language

The sql package that comes with the language provides basic database operations, but does not include post-validation. This article introduces two commonly used Go language tools to implement post-validation.

1. GORM tool

GORM is an ORM library that supports MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite and SQL server, which allows us to perform database operations more conveniently and safely. The Model structure can annotate tables and fields, and these annotations can provide us with more basis for post-validation. We can add the code we want to execute in the life cycle of GORM's operation on the database through the Preload() method and Callbacks function before inserting or updating data.

For example, the following code shows how to use GORM for data insertion:

import (
  "gorm.io/driver/mysql"
  "gorm.io/gorm"
)

type User struct {
  gorm.Model
  Name   string
  Age    uint8
  Email  string
}

func main() {
  dsn := "root:password@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/test_db?charset=utf8mb4&parseTime=True&loc=Local"
  db, err := gorm.Open(mysql.Open(dsn), &gorm.Config{})
  if err != nil {
    panic("failed to connect database")
  }

  user := User{Name: "Leo", Age: 18, Email: "leo@example.com"}
  db.Create(&user)
}

In order to make the above code more secure, some verification of the data needs to be performed. For example, you can add length limits to the Name and Email fields in the User structure and determine whether the user input is empty. Before inserting data, you can use GORM's Callbacks function to verify.

func (u *User) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) (err error) {
  if len(u.Name) == 0 || len(u.Name) > 50 {
    return errors.New("invalid user name")
  }
  if len(u.Email) == 0 || len(u.Email) > 50 {
    return errors.New("invalid email")
  }
  return
}

func main() {
  // Code ...
  user := User{Name: "Leo", Age: 18, Email: "leo@example.com"}
  if err := db.Create(&user).Error; err != nil {
    panic(err)
  }
}

Here, the BeforeCreate function indicates verification before the Create operation. If the data does not meet the requirements, an error will be returned. The Create operation will be executed only after the data verification passes.

GORM can also use the Callbacks function to perform verification in other life cycles, such as Update, Delete, Query and other operations. In this way, the data can be verified more carefully before operating the data.

2. go-validator tool

go-validator is a data validation library for Go language, supporting basic data type verification, regular expression verification and customization validator. Using go-validator, users can perform type checking, length checking and other operations on the data before performing data verification to ensure the standardization and integrity of the data.

import (
  "github.com/asaskevich/govalidator"
)

type User struct {
  Name   string `valid:"required,stringlength(1|50)"`
  Age    int    `valid:"required,integer"`
  Email  string `valid:"required,email"`
}

user := User{Name: "Leo", Age: 18, Email: "leo@example.com"}
if _, err := govalidator.ValidateStruct(user); err != nil {
  panic(err)
}

In the above code, we add valid annotation to the User structure and specify the required data type, length limit, and whether it is required. When verifying parameters, you only need to call the governor.ValidationStruct() function.

3. Summary

When conducting large-scale data processing, data integrity and accuracy are crucial. Before operating the MySQL database, we need to perform some post-verification to avoid various inexplicable errors. This article introduces the method of using tools such as GORM and go-validator for post-validation in Go language. I hope it can help everyone when operating MySQL database.

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