MySql data backup and recovery: how to deal with data disasters

With the advent of the Internet era, data has become an important asset for every enterprise. Our lives and work are almost inseparable from data, so the protection of data security has become a problem that business managers must face and solve. When it comes to data management, MySQL is undoubtedly one of the most popular database management systems today. In the process of using MySQL, we may encounter data loss or damage. In order to better ensure data security, this article discusses MySQL data backup and recovery, allowing us to deal with data disasters.

1. MySql data backup

Data backup is an important means to prevent data loss or damage. One of the reasons why MySQL is popular is that it provides flexible and diverse The data backup plan allows us to choose the backup plan that is most suitable for our company. The following are several commonly used MySQL data backup plans:

1. Database Export Backup

MySQL Many export commands are provided, such as mysqldump, mysqlimport, mysqlbinlog and other commands, which can be used to back up data. Mysqldump implements the function of exporting the entire database, and can also specify the tables or data of the exported database. The mysqldump command can back up the entire database, a single table, or a specified data row. The following is an example of the command to back up the specified database through mysqldump:

mysqldump -u root -p db_name > /data/mysqldata/db_name.sql

2. LVM snapshot method

LVM is a logical volume manager in Linux. LVM can be used to back up MySQL data files while running. The implementation principle is to back up snapshots of MySQL data files. MySQL has two storage engines, InnoDB and MyISAM. The InnoDB storage engine uses multiple data files to store data files, while the MyISAM storage engine uses a single data file to store data. LVM backup methods have different implementation methods for the backup of these two storage engines. The following is a command example for InnoDB data file backup through LVM:

lvcreate -L 10G -s -n data /dev/vg_mysql/lv_data
cp -a /mysql-data/ /backup-dir/
lvremove /dev/vg_mysql/data

3. Other methods

In addition to mysqldump and LVM snapshot backup, there are some other backup methods, such as file copying , use RAID hot backup, MySQL Replication, etc., and choose the appropriate data backup solution according to your needs.

2. MySql data recovery

Whether it is backup or recovery, once data is lost or damaged, we need to quickly restore the data to ensure the normal operation of the business. The following are MySql data recovery methods Commonly used methods.

1. Database file copy

If there is no backup, the MySQL data file has been damaged, we can use a copy of the data file to restore it. First close MySQL, then copy the data file to another machine, start MySQL, and then MySQL will read the data from the backup file and restore it.

2. Use mysqldump to restore

mysqldump provides the --skip-tz-utc option to skip the time zone setting when restoring data, and the --skip-lock-tables option in It is forbidden to use the lock table when restoring data. The --skip-comments option can remove comments in the backup file. These options can speed up the recovery of data and avoid problems such as lock table and time zone settings.

3. Use LVM snapshot to restore

Using LVM snapshot to restore data is to restore on the backed up snapshot file. The common steps are to close the MySQL service, Delete the existing MySQL data files, restore the MySQL data files overwritten by the snapshot file, and start the MySQL service to complete the data recovery.

Summary:

Backing up data and quickly restoring data are very important for every enterprise. As one of the popular database management systems, MySQL provides many flexible backup and recovery solutions that can effectively protect our important data. In the process of backing up and restoring data, we should choose the appropriate backup and recovery solution according to our own needs to cope with the disaster of data loss and damage.

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