Vertical splitting and horizontal splitting of MySql: how to meet different database needs

In today's IT field, the database is one of the crucial components in the application architecture. Different enterprises and organizations face diverse data needs, and therefore require different database management technologies to meet these needs. In database management, vertical splitting and horizontal splitting are two commonly used technologies, which allow enterprises and organizations to flexibly manage and use databases in different scenarios.

1. Vertical Splitting

Vertical splitting is the process of splitting a database table or view into multiple smaller, more related tables. Vertical splitting is usually done so that each table contains only necessary fields, thereby improving query performance and reducing database complexity. The advantage of vertical splitting is that it can better protect sensitive data, maintain data consistency, improve database maintenance performance, and make it easier to adapt to different application scenarios. For example, in an e-commerce website, the order table may be split into multiple tables to store order information and order details respectively.

2. Horizontal split

Horizontal split is the process of decomposing a database table by rows so that each table contains part of the data rows. The benefit of horizontal splitting is that it can improve the read and write performance and query efficiency of the database, and can easily expand horizontally. For example, in a social networking site, the user information table may contain a large number of rows. If horizontal splitting technology is used, it can be split by city, region, etc., thereby improving query speed and analysis results.

3. How to choose vertical split or horizontal split?

For different business scenarios and data requirements, choosing vertical split or horizontal split requires consideration of many factors, such as application performance, data consistency, data structure and management. The following are some factors for choosing vertical split or horizontal split:

(1) Application performance: When you need to optimize read and write performance and query efficiency, you can consider using horizontal split technology because it can Read, write, and query loads are batched across multiple tables, improving performance. On the contrary, when you need to ensure data consistency and manageability, you can choose to use vertical splitting technology, because it can distribute similar data into different tables, reduce data redundancy, and facilitate management.

(2) Data structure: When multiple tables or data sources need to be integrated and used together, you can choose to use vertical splitting technology, because it can merge according to the data structure and ensure the consistency of the data . On the contrary, when you need to split a specific data by rows, you can choose to use horizontal splitting technology to improve query efficiency.

(3) Management complexity: When the amount of data is large and the data structure is complex, you can choose to use vertical splitting technology, because it can better manage data, avoid redundant data, and improve the system Maintainability; when the data distribution is more complex or horizontal expansion is required, you can choose to use horizontal splitting technology because it can execute more query operations in parallel, thereby improving query performance.

In short, different scenarios and requirements require different database management technologies, and the choice of vertical splitting and horizontal splitting needs to consider many factors. By flexibly applying these technologies, different database requirements can be met in different scenarios and the performance and maintainability of the system can be improved.

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