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PHP development: How to use Swagger to maintain API documentation

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Jun 15, 2023 am 09:37 AM

php developmentswaggerapi documentation

With the rapid development of the Internet, Web API has become the core of supporting open applications. The scalability and reusability of APIs make them an important tool for data exchange and collaboration between different systems. However, developers often face a common question: How to maintain API documentation and ensure API reliability?

Swagger is an open source framework that provides a complete solution for API design, documentation, testing and deployment. This article will explore how to use Swagger to maintain API documentation to better manage and maintain existing APIs.

1. Basic concepts of Swagger

Swagger creates and documents APIs through JSON or YAML specification files that describe the API. This file is called a Swagger specification.

Swagger specification files contain the following concepts:

Path: An API path is an identifier for a resource. For example, /users represents all users, and /users/{id} represents a user.
Method: An HTTP method such as GET, PUT, POST, DELETE, and HEAD.
Parameters: Request parameters (HTTP request body, URL path, and/or query string parameters).
Response: HTTP response structure, status code and response body (HTTP response body) type.
Model: Structure of Data Transfer Object (DTO) and Response Object.
Tags: Logically group API resources for easy reading.

2. Use of Swagger

Installing Swagger UI

Swagger UI is an open source tool that allows us to The Swagger specification file is displayed in the interface. Its main purpose is to provide a clear and interactive documentation and allow us to test and debug the API.

Use the following command to install Swagger UI:

npm install swagger-ui-dist

Write the Swagger specification file

Write the Swagger specification file to explain the path and method of our API , parameters, responses and other information.

The following is an example:

swagger: '2.0'
info:
  title: User API Root
  version: 1.0.0
paths:
  /users:
    get:
      tags:
        - users
      description: Returns all users
      produces:
        - application/json
      responses:
        200:
          description: A list of user names
          schema:
            type: object
            properties:
              id:
                type: integer
                example: 123
              name:
                type: string
                example: John Doe

In this example, we define an API path "/users" and a GET method, returning a JSON containing "id" and "name" Array of objects in response.

Integrate Swagger UI

Integrate Swagger UI in your web application to display your Swagger specification file. Add the following HTML code to your web page:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Swagger UI</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./node_modules/swagger-ui-dist/swagger-ui.css">
</head>
<body>
  <div id="swagger-ui"></div>
  <script src="./node_modules/swagger-ui-dist/swagger-ui-bundle.js"></script>
  <script>
    window.onload = function() {
      SwaggerUIBundle({
        url: "https://api.example.com/swagger",
        dom_id: '#swagger-ui',
        deepLinking: true,
        presets: [
          SwaggerUIBundle.presets.apis,
          SwaggerUIBundle.SwaggerUIStandalonePreset
        ],
        plugins: [
          SwaggerUIBundle.plugins.DownloadUrl
        ],
        layout: "StandaloneLayout"
      })
    }
  </script>
</body>
</html>

In this example, we load the Swagger UI in an HTML file and pass the URL address of the Swagger specification file to the SwaggerUIBundle to render the API documentation.

Testing and debugging APIs

Use Swagger UI to test and debug APIs in web applications.

Through Swagger UI, we can:

View the interface documentation.
Automate testing and check the response results of the API.
Debug API and generate code snippets.

Summary

Swagger is an excellent framework that can provide developers with a complete solution for API design, documentation, testing and deployment. Using Swagger, we can better manage and maintain existing APIs. This is also one of the best ways under the centralized development model.

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