How to implement single sign-on in PHP

Single sign-on (SSO) is an authentication mechanism that allows users to authenticate across multiple applications and sites using a set of credentials, such as a username and password. This mechanism can improve user experience and efficiency while also enhancing security. In PHP, implementing single sign-on requires some specific methods.

Below we will introduce how to implement single sign-on in PHP. We will divide it into the following steps:

1. Create a user authentication center (Authentication Center)
2. Use the OAuth2 protocol to authenticate users
3. Share OAuth2 between applications Access token
4. Implementing single sign-on between applications

Step 1: Create a user authentication center

The user authentication center is a web application that Used to manage user login and authentication information. This center should also have some other functions, such as password reset, access control, user management, etc.

In PHP, we can use ready-made user authentication libraries such as Laravel, Symfony or CodeIgniter to create a user authentication center. These libraries provide useful features and components such as user models, validators, authorization, password hashing, and more.

Step 2: Authenticate the user using the OAuth2 protocol

OAuth2 is a commonly used authentication and authorization framework that allows authorized access tokens to be shared between applications and services. We can leverage the OAuth2 protocol to authenticate users and issue access tokens to them.

In PHP, we can use ready-made OAuth2 libraries such as League OAuth2 Server to implement OAuth2 authentication. This library provides OAuth2 server, storage, token management and other functions, while also being very easy to integrate into our applications.

Step 3: Share OAuth2 access tokens between applications

Now that we have a user authentication center and an OAuth2 server, we need to share access tokens between these applications . This way, when users log in in one application, they can automatically log in in other applications.

In PHP, we can use two methods to share OAuth2 access tokens. The first method is to use a shared database, where all applications connect to the same database, so that the OAuth2 server can store the tokens in this database. The second method is to use JWT (JSON Web Token). This token is encrypted and can be passed securely between different applications.

Step 4: Implement single sign-on between applications

Now we have a user authentication center, an OAuth2 server, and a way to share access tokens. Implementing single sign-on is very easy. When a user accesses another application, the application can send a request to the authentication authority to ask if the user is logged in. If the user is logged in, the authentication authority can issue an access token to the application so that the user can access the application seamlessly.

In PHP, we can use Session, Cookie, Redis, etc. to share user login status between cross-domain applications. These techniques are very common and easy to use, so we won’t go into details here.

Conclusion:

Single sign-on is an excellent user authentication and authorization mechanism. Implementing single sign-on in PHP requires relying on OAuth2 protocol, shared access token and other technologies. It also You need to make use of existing user authentication libraries, OAuth2 libraries and other tools. If you are developing a complex web application, implementing single sign-on is a very valuable endeavor.

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